{"id":8526,"date":"2021-04-19T05:16:45","date_gmt":"2021-04-19T05:16:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/espanja\/?p=8526"},"modified":"2024-07-26T06:00:50","modified_gmt":"2024-07-26T06:00:50","slug":"el-caso-genitivo-gramatica-del-fines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/espanja\/gramatica-del-fines\/casos-gramaticales\/el-caso-genitivo-gramatica-del-fines\/","title":{"rendered":"El caso genitivo \u2013 Gram\u00e1tica del Fin\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"

El caso genetivo responde a las preguntas “mink\u00e4” y “kenen”.<\/p>\n

(This is the old translated version of this page, check out the English page<\/a> for more complete information)<\/p>\n

1. Uso del genitivo<\/h2>\n

1.1. Se usa para indicar posesi\u00f3n (mi, tu, su)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Fin\u00e9s<\/span><\/td>\nEspa\u00f1ol<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Se on tuon<\/span> miehen<\/span> lompakko.<\/td>\nEs la cartera de ese hombre.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Erja on Saulin<\/span> serkku.<\/td>\nErja es el primo de Sauli.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Se on minun<\/span> kirja.<\/td>\nEs mi libro.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

1.2. Se usa delante de una postposici\u00f3n<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Fin\u00e9s<\/span><\/td>\nEspa\u00f1ol<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
television<\/span> p\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4<\/b><\/td>\nencima de la televisi\u00f3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kirkon<\/span> vieress\u00e4<\/b><\/td>\nal lado de la iglesia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pankin<\/span> l\u00e4hell\u00e4<\/b><\/td>\ncerca del banco<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
veden<\/span> alla<\/b><\/td>\nbajo del agua<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

1.3. Usado con “t\u00e4ytyy” (ver frases de necesidad<\/a><\/span>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Fin\u00e9s<\/span><\/td>\nEspa\u00f1ol<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Minun<\/span> t\u00e4ytyy<\/b> menn\u00e4 ty\u00f6h\u00f6n.<\/td>\nTengo que ir a casa.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e4nen<\/span> t\u00e4ytyy<\/b> maksaa lasku.<\/td>\n\u00c9l tiene que pagar la factura.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Matin<\/span> t\u00e4ytyy<\/b> sy\u00f6d\u00e4 enemm\u00e4n.<\/td>\nMatti tiene que comer m\u00e1s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

1.4. Se usa al enfatizar adjetivos o al explirar adjetivos posteriormente<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Fin\u00e9s<\/span><\/td>\nEspa\u00f1ol<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Se on hirve\u00e4n<\/span> suuri.<\/td>\nEs tremendamente grande.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Takki on tumman<\/span>sininen.<\/td>\nEl abrigo es azul oscuro.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e4n on salaman<\/span>nopea.<\/td>\n\u00c9l es r\u00e1pido como un rayo.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2. Formaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n

2.1 Palabras acabadas en una \u00fanica vocal (-a\/-\u00e4, -u\/-y, -o\/-\u00f6): a\u00f1adir -n<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kala<\/b><\/td>\nkalan<\/span><\/td>\nhomma<\/b><\/td>\nhomman<\/span><\/td>\nkyn\u00e4<\/b><\/td>\nkyn\u00e4n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
taloy<\/b><\/td>\ntalon<\/span><\/td>\nharja<\/b><\/td>\nharjan<\/span><\/td>\np\u00e4\u00e4ryn\u00e4<\/b><\/td>\np\u00e4\u00e4ryn\u00e4n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sein\u00e4<\/b><\/td>\nsein\u00e4n<\/span><\/td>\nloma<\/b><\/td>\nloman<\/span><\/td>\ns\u00f6p\u00f6<\/b><\/td>\ns\u00f6p\u00f6n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.2 Hay que tener cuidado con la posibilidad de gradaci\u00f3n conson\u00e1ntica<\/a><\/span>, porque el genitivo es d\u00e9bil para las palabras del tipo A y fuerte para las palabras de tipo B<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Palabras de tipo A<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kukk<\/span>a<\/td>\nkuk<\/span>an<\/span><\/td>\ns\u00e4nk<\/span>y<\/td>\ns\u00e4ng<\/span>yn<\/span><\/td>\nhelpp<\/span>o<\/td>\nhelp<\/span>on<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kaupunk<\/span>i<\/td>\nkaupung<\/span>in<\/span><\/td>\npankk<\/span>i<\/td>\npank<\/span>in<\/span><\/td>\nleht<\/span>i<\/td>\nlehd<\/span>en<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Matt<\/span>i<\/td>\nMat<\/span>in<\/span><\/td>\nj\u00e4lk<\/span>i<\/td>\nj\u00e4lj<\/span>en<\/span><\/td>\npuk<\/span>u<\/td>\npuv<\/span>un<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Palabras de tipo B<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
keitin<\/td>\nkeitt<\/span>imen<\/span><\/td>\ntavoit<\/span>e<\/td>\ntavoitt<\/span>een<\/span><\/td>\nliik<\/span>e<\/td>\nliikk<\/span>een<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
op<\/span>as<\/td>\nopp<\/span>aan<\/span><\/td>\nkoe<\/td>\nkok<\/span>een<\/span><\/td>\nhamm<\/span>as<\/td>\nhamp<\/span>aan<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hylj<\/span>e<\/td>\nhylk<\/span>een<\/span><\/td>\nall<\/span>as<\/td>\nalt<\/span>aan<\/span><\/td>\nmurr<\/span>e<\/td>\nmurt<\/span>een<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.3. Palabras acabadas en -e: a\u00f1adir una segunda -e- +n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
huone<\/b><\/td>\nhuonee<\/span>n<\/span><\/td>\nperhe<\/b><\/td>\nperhee<\/span>n<\/span><\/td>\nkappale<\/b><\/td>\nkappalee<\/span>n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kirje<\/b><\/td>\nkirjee<\/span>n<\/span><\/td>\nlentokone<\/b><\/td>\nlentokonee<\/span>n<\/span><\/td>\ntaide<\/b><\/td>\ntaitee<\/span>n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
parveke<\/b><\/td>\nparvekkee<\/span>n<\/span><\/td>\nkoe<\/b><\/td>\nkokee<\/span>n<\/span><\/td>\naste<\/b><\/td>\nastee<\/span>n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Las palabras acabadas en -e son parte del grupo palabras de tipo B<\/b>. Aprende m\u00e1s sobre su forma de gradaci\u00f3n conson\u00e1ntica aqu\u00ed<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n

2.4. Palabras acabadas en -nen: elimina el -nen y a\u00f1ade -sen<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
nainen<\/b><\/td>\nnaisen<\/span><\/td>\nhevonen<\/b><\/td>\nhevosen<\/span><\/td>\nsuomalainen<\/b><\/td>\nsuomalaisen<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
eteinen<\/b><\/td>\neteisen<\/span><\/td>\niloinen<\/b><\/td>\niloisen<\/span><\/td>\nihminen<\/b><\/td>\nihmisen<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sininen<\/b><\/td>\nsinisen<\/span><\/td>\ntoinen<\/b><\/td>\ntoisen<\/span><\/td>\ntavallinen<\/b><\/td>\ntavallisen<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.5. Palabras acabadas en -i<\/h3>\n

2.5.1. Palabras nuevas acabadas en -i: a\u00f1adir -n<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
banaani<\/b><\/td>\nbanaanin<\/span><\/td>\npaperi<\/b><\/td>\npaperin<\/span><\/td>\nkahvi<\/b><\/td>\nkahvin<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pankki<\/b><\/td>\npankin<\/span><\/td>\nposti<\/b><\/td>\npostin<\/span><\/td>\nmaali<\/b><\/td>\nmaalin<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tili<\/b><\/td>\ntilin<\/span><\/td>\nadverbi<\/b><\/td>\nadverbin<\/span><\/td>\ndollari<\/b><\/td>\ndollarin<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Palabras nuevas son aquellas que se han incorporado a la lengua recientemente. Normalmente son reconocibles porque son pr\u00e9stamos ling\u00fc\u00edsticos, como “pankki” para “banco”, o “paperi” para “papel”.<\/p>\n

2.5.2. Palabras antiguas acabadas en -i: elimina -i y a\u00f1ade -en<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominative<\/span><\/td>\nGenetive<\/span><\/td>\nNominative<\/span><\/td>\nGenetive<\/span><\/td>\nNominative<\/span><\/td>\nGenetive<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
suomi<\/b><\/td>\nsuomen<\/span><\/td>\novi<\/b><\/td>\noven<\/span><\/td>\nj\u00e4rvi<\/b><\/td>\nj\u00e4rven<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kivi<\/b><\/td>\nkiven<\/span><\/td>\nlahti<\/b><\/td>\nlahden<\/span><\/td>\nnimi<\/b><\/td>\nnimen<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sormi<\/b><\/td>\nsormen<\/span><\/td>\nlehti<\/b><\/td>\nlehden<\/span><\/td>\npilvi<\/b><\/td>\npilven<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Las palabras antiguas est\u00e1n frecuentemente relacionadas con la naturaleza. Al fin y al cabo, la naturaleza ha estado ah\u00ed durante tanto tiempo que los finlandeses han tenido nombre para ella desde el principio. Algunas palabras son confusas, por ejemplo “\u00e4iti” (madre) \u00a1es realmente una palabra finlandesa nueva<\/b>!<\/p>\n

2.5.3. Palabras acabadas en -si: elimina -si y a\u00f1ade -den<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
uusi<\/b><\/td>\nuuden<\/span><\/td>\nvuosi<\/b><\/td>\nvuoden<\/span><\/td>\nk\u00e4si<\/b><\/td>\nk\u00e4den<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kuukausi<\/b><\/td>\nkuukauden<\/span><\/td>\nvesi<\/b><\/td>\nveden<\/span><\/td>\nreisi<\/b><\/td>\nreiden<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
k\u00f6ysi<\/b><\/td>\nk\u00f6yden<\/span><\/td>\nmesi<\/b><\/td>\nmeden<\/span><\/td>\njousi<\/b><\/td>\njouden<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.6. Palabras acabadas en consonante<\/h3>\n

Mira la p\u00e1gina aparte<\/a><\/span> para la formaci\u00f3n del genitivo de palabras acabadas en consonante<\/p>\n

2.7. Pronombres<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
min\u00e4<\/td>\nminun<\/span><\/td>\nsin\u00e4<\/td>\nsinun<\/span><\/td>\nh\u00e4n<\/td>\nh\u00e4nen<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
me<\/td>\nmeid\u00e4n<\/span><\/td>\nte<\/td>\nteid\u00e4n<\/span><\/td>\nhe<\/td>\nheid\u00e4n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
se<\/td>\nsen<\/span><\/td>\ntuo<\/td>\ntuon<\/span><\/td>\nt\u00e4m\u00e4<\/td>\nt\u00e4m\u00e4n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ne<\/td>\nniiden<\/span><\/td>\nnuo<\/td>\nnoiden<\/span><\/td>\nn\u00e4m\u00e4<\/td>\nn\u00e4iden<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3. Notas<\/h2>\n

3.1. Sufijos posesivos<\/h3>\n

Cuando se quiere a\u00f1adir un sufijo posesivo<\/a><\/span> a una palabra en genitivo, la terminaci\u00f3n de genitivo desaparece<\/b>. La palabra tambi\u00e9n se convierte en fuerte<\/b> cuando se trata de un asunto de gradaci\u00f3n conson\u00e1ntica<\/a><\/span>. Por lo tanto, una palabra en genitivo con un sufijo posesivo tendr\u00e1 un aspecto exactamente igual<\/b> que una palabra en nominativo con sufijo posesivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo posesivo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo posesivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pankki<\/td>\npankkini<\/td>\npankin<\/td>\npankkini<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hevonen<\/td>\nhevoseni<\/td>\nhevosen<\/td>\nhevoseni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kirkko<\/td>\nkirkkoni<\/td>\nkirkon<\/td>\nkirkkoni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
konsertti<\/td>\nkonserttini<\/td>\nkonsertin<\/td>\nkonserttini<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3.2. Nombres dobles<\/h3>\n

Cuando se pone una palabra en genitivo, cualquier adjetivo<\/b> conectado a la palabra se convertir\u00e1 a genitivo tambi\u00e9n. Con Nombres<\/b> o t\u00edtulos<\/b>, es un poco diferente: a estos NO<\/b> se les a\u00f1ade la terminaci\u00f3n de genitivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\nNominativo<\/span><\/td>\nGenitivo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Markku Salonen<\/td>\nMarkku Salosen<\/td>\nSara Johnson<\/td>\nSara Johnsonin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ilpo Koivula<\/td>\nIlpo Koivulan<\/td>\njohtaja Nieminen<\/td>\njohtaja Niemisen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
herra Lehtinen<\/td>\nherra Lehtisen<\/td>\nhotelli Sunset<\/td>\nhotelli Sunsetin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rouva Kalliom\u00e4ki<\/td>\nrouva Kalliom\u00e4en<\/td>\nbaari Linkosuo<\/td>\nbaari Linkosuon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a1Y con esto concluye nuestro art\u00edculo sobre el caso genitivo!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El caso genitivo responde a la pregunta “mink\u00e4”. \u00a1Aprende m\u00e1s sobre cuando usar este caso gramatical y c\u00f3mo se declinan las palabras!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":8956,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[37,55],"class_list":["post-8526","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-casos-gramaticales","tag-casos","tag-genitivo"],"yoast_head":"\nEl caso genitivo \u2013 Gram\u00e1tica del Fin\u00e9s - Uusi kielemme espanjaksi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El caso genitivo responde a la pregunta "mink\u00e4". \u00a1Aprende m\u00e1s sobre cuando usar este caso gramatical y c\u00f3mo se declinan las palabras!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/espanja\/gramatica-del-fines\/casos-gramaticales\/el-caso-genitivo-gramatica-del-fines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El caso genitivo \u2013 Gram\u00e1tica del Fin\u00e9s - 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