{"id":15679,"date":"2020-12-06T16:17:30","date_gmt":"2020-12-06T14:17:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/?p=15679"},"modified":"2021-08-05T07:41:47","modified_gmt":"2021-08-05T04:41:47","slug":"pluriel-en-t-finnois-t-monikko-nominatif-pluriel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/cas-grammaticaux\/pluriel-en-t-finnois-t-monikko-nominatif-pluriel\/","title":{"rendered":"Pluriel en T finnois &#8211; T-Monikko &#8211; Nominatif Pluriel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Cet article traite du nominatif pluriel (souvent appel\u00e9 pluriel en T, ou <em>T-monikko<\/em> en finnois). Ce sujet peut (et doit) \u00eatre abord\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux d&#8217;\u00e9tude de la langue finnoise. Si vous \u00eates un d\u00e9butant, vous devriez peut-\u00eatre juste retenir que le pluriel en T finnois est utilis\u00e9 pour les sujets au pluriel, et revenir sur les autres utilisations lorsque vous serez plus avanc\u00e9s dans vos \u00e9tudes.<\/p>\n<p>Le pluriel en T n&#8217;est pas le seul pluriel en finnois. Il y a des formes plurielles pour tous les cas grammaticaux finnois (g\u00e9nitif pluriel, inessif pluriel, illatif pluriel, etc &#8230;). Vous pouvez approfondir votre compr\u00e9hension des diff\u00e9rentes formes plurielles lorsque vous \u00e9tudierez le\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/grammatical-cases\/the-partitive-plural-monikon-partitiivi\/\">le partitif pluriel\u00a0 <\/a>par exemple (<a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/sentence-types\/t-plural-vs-partitive-plural\/\">pluriel en T vs partitif pluriel<\/a>).<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-box su-box-style-bubbles\" id=\"\" style=\"border-color:#74981a;border-radius:3px;max-width:none\"><div class=\"su-box-title\" style=\"background-color:#a7cb4d;color:#FFFFFF;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px\">Table des mati\u00e8res<\/div><div class=\"su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px\">\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#one\"><strong>Les usages du pluriel en T<\/strong><\/a>\n<ol>\n<li>Avec les sujets au pluriel<\/li>\n<li>Quand le pluriel signifie TOUS les \u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/li>\n<li>Avec les mots <em>plurale tantum<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Avec les objets en miroir<\/li>\n<li>Quand ne PAS utiliser le pluriel en T<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"#two\">La formation du pluriel en T<\/a><\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"one\">Mots se terminant par une seule voyelle<\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-e<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-i<\/em>\n<ol>\n<li>Mots nouveaux se terminant en <em>-i<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots anciens se terminant en <em>-i<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots anciens se terminant en <em>-si<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant par une consonne\n<ol>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-nen<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-as<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en<em> -is<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-os\/-\u00f6s<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-us\/-ys<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-ton<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-in<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-ut<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-tar<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#three\"><strong>Alternance consonantique et pluriel en T<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h2>1. Usage du pluriel en T finnois<\/h2>\n<p>Le pluriel en T est utilis\u00e9 pour exprimer que l&#8217;on parle de plusieurs choses. Cela peut para\u00eetre simple, mais le finnois est une langue compliqu\u00e9e. Dans diverses situations, on n&#8217;utilisera <strong>pas<\/strong> le pluriel en T pour exprimer la pluralit\u00e9. Voyons les cas dans lesquels vous <strong>devrez<\/strong> l&#8217;utiliser.<\/p>\n<h3>1.1. Avec les sujets au pluriel<\/h3>\n<p>Le sujet au pluriel sera plac\u00e9 au <strong>d\u00e9but<\/strong> de la phrase dans sa forme plurielle.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Tyt\u00f6t<\/strong> <\/span>leikkiv\u00e4t.<\/td>\n<td>Les filles jouent.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Koirat<\/strong> <\/span>nukkuvat.<\/td>\n<td>Les chiens dorment.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Makkarat<\/strong> <\/span>ovat p\u00f6yd\u00e4ll\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Les saucisses sont sur la table.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Siskot<\/strong> <\/span>ovat keitti\u00f6ss\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Les s\u0153urs sont dans la cuisine.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>1.2. Quand le pluriel signifie TOUS les \u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/h3>\n<p>L&#8217;<a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/sentence-types\/t-plural-vs-partitive-plural\/\">opposition<\/a> entre le partitif pluriel et le pluriel en T est la suivante : on utilise le pluriel en T lorsqu&#8217;on parle de <strong>tous<\/strong> les \u00e9l\u00e9ments, alors qu&#8217;on utilise le partitif pluriel pour parler de <strong>beaucoup d&#8217;\u00e9l\u00e9ments, mais pas de tous<\/strong> <strong>les<\/strong> <strong>\u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/strong> Dans certains cas, le pluriel en T ne signifiera pas <strong>tous les \u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/strong>, mais un ensemble particulier qui a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 mentionn\u00e9 pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment (p.ex. pas tous les v\u00e9los, mais tous les v\u00e9los dont nous avons parl\u00e9 avant).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sy\u00f6n <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>omenat<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Je mange (toutes) les pommes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ostan kaikki <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>muumikirjat<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>J&#8217;ach\u00e8te (tous) les livres des Moumines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nuoret varastivat <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>py\u00f6r\u00e4t<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Les jeunes volent (tous) les v\u00e9los.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Avaan <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ikkunat<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>J&#8217;ouvre (toutes) les fen\u00eatres.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>1.3. Avec les mots <em>plurale tantum<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/word-types\/plurale-tantum-in-finnish-always-plural-words-syntax-and-semantics\/\"><em>plurale tantum<\/em><\/a>&#8221; sont des mots qui sont <strong>toujours<\/strong> au pluriel, m\u00eame si elles d\u00e9signent quelque chose de singulier. C&#8217;est le cas de beaucoup de <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/vocabulary-lists\/events-celebrations-always-plural-finnish-words-plurale-tantum\/\">c\u00e9l\u00e9brations<\/a> et de <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/vocabulary-lists\/plural-finnish-clothing-vocabulary\/\">v\u00eatements<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Tupaantuliaiset <\/strong><\/span>olivat eilen.<\/td>\n<td>La pendaison de cr\u00e9maill\u00e8re, c&#8217;\u00e9tait hier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>H\u00e4\u00e4t<\/strong> <\/span>olivat stressaavat.<\/td>\n<td>Le mariage \u00e9tait stressant.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Hautajaiset <\/strong><\/span>j\u00e4rjestettiin hyvin.<\/td>\n<td>L&#8217;enterrement \u00e9tait bien organis\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Risti\u00e4iset <\/strong><\/span>kestiv\u00e4t tunnin.<\/td>\n<td>Le bapt\u00eame a dur\u00e9 une heure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Syntt\u00e4rit <\/strong><\/span>pidettiin takapihalla.<\/td>\n<td>L&#8217;anniversaire a eu lieu dans le jardin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Markkinat <\/strong><\/span>kiinnostavat minua.<\/td>\n<td>Le march\u00e9 m&#8217;int\u00e9resse.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>L\u00e4ksi\u00e4iset <\/strong><\/span>olivat ikimuistoiset.<\/td>\n<td>La f\u00eate de d\u00e9part \u00e9tait m\u00e9morable.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Avajaiset <\/strong><\/span>olivat heti ohi.<\/td>\n<td>La c\u00e9r\u00e9monie d&#8217;ouverture s&#8217;est toute de suite termin\u00e9e.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>1.4. Avec les objets en miroir<\/h3>\n<p>Certaines choses apparaissent naturellement en paire, les chaussettes ou les yeux par exemple. De plus, un certain nombre de choses se composent d&#8217;une paire d&#8217;\u00e9l\u00e9ments, souvent en miroir l&#8217;un de l&#8217;autre. On peut penser par exemple aux deux verres d&#8217;une paire de lunettes ou aux deux lames d&#8217;une paire de ciseaux. La plupart de ces mots sont des mots <em>plurale tantum<\/em>, quand ils forment un tout.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ostin <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>housut<\/strong><\/span> eilen.<\/td>\n<td>J&#8217;ai achet\u00e9 un pantalon hier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Silm\u00e4lasit<\/strong> <\/span>ovat siniset.<\/td>\n<td>Les lunettes sont bleues.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Sakset<\/strong> <\/span>olivat ter\u00e4v\u00e4t.<\/td>\n<td>Les ciseaux sont aiguis\u00e9s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Tikapuut <\/strong><\/span>nojaavat sein\u00e4\u00e4n.<\/td>\n<td>L&#8217;\u00e9chelle est contre le mur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>H\u00e4nen kasvot <\/strong><\/span>ovat py\u00f6re\u00e4t.<\/td>\n<td>Son visage est rond.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Rintaliivit <\/strong><\/span>unohtuivat.<\/td>\n<td>Le soutien-gorge a \u00e9t\u00e9 oubli\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Aivot <\/strong><\/span>toimivat hyvin.<\/td>\n<td>Le cerveau fonctionne bien.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Minulla on siniset <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>sukat<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>J&#8217;ai des chaussettes bleues.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Keuhkot<\/strong> <\/span>heikkeniv\u00e4t.<\/td>\n<td>Les poumons se sont affaiblis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Keng\u00e4t <\/strong><\/span>olivat liian pienet.<\/td>\n<td>Les chaussures \u00e9taient trop petites.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Munuaiset <\/strong><\/span>ovat t\u00e4rke\u00e4 elin.<\/td>\n<td>Les reins sont des organes importants.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Sieraimet <\/strong><\/span>ovat tukossa.<\/td>\n<td>Les narines sont bloqu\u00e9es.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ostan uudet <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>sukset<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>J&#8217;ach\u00e8te de nouveaux skis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ostin l\u00e4mpim\u00e4t <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>saappaat<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>J&#8217;ai achet\u00e9 des bottes chaudes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Silm\u00e4si<\/strong> <\/span>ovat siniset.<\/td>\n<td>Vos yeux sont bleus.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Korvamme<\/strong> <\/span>olivat punaiset.<\/td>\n<td>Nos oreilles \u00e9taient rouges.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>1.5. Quand ne plus utiliser le pluriel en T finnois<\/h3>\n<p>Le nominatif pluriel partage certaines des fonctions du pluriel fran\u00e7ais avec d&#8217;autres cas. Par exemple:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"two\">Apr\u00e8s un <strong>nombre<\/strong> on utilise\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/cas-grammaticaux\/les-cas-objet\/le-partitif-finnois-partitiivi-finnish-grammar\/\">le partitif<\/a> (p.ex. <em>kaksi auto<strong>a<\/strong><\/em> &#8220;deux voitures&#8221;) \u00e0 la place du pluriel en T (p.ex. <del><em>kaksi autot<\/em><\/del>)<\/li>\n<li>Quand on parle de <strong>plusieurs<\/strong> mais pas de <strong>tous<\/strong>, on utilise <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/grammatical-cases\/the-partitive-plural-monikon-partitiivi\/\">le partitif pluriel<\/a> (p.ex. <em>Sy\u00f6n mansikat<\/em> &#8220;Je mange (toutes) les fraises&#8221; vs <em>Sy\u00f6n mansikoita<\/em> &#8220;Je mange des fraises&#8221;).<\/li>\n<li>Dans les phrases d&#8217;existence, on utilise g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement (mais pas toujours! \u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/sentence-types\/existential-sentences-jossain-on-jotain\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Existential sentences<\/a>) le partitif pluriel (p.ex. <em>Talossa on vieraita.<\/em> &#8220;Il y a des invit\u00e9s dans la maison&#8221;).<\/li>\n<li>Dans une phrase n\u00e9gative, l&#8217;objet sera au partitif pluriel (eg. <em>Sy\u00f6n omenat<\/em> &#8220;Je mange les pommes&#8221; vs <em>En sy\u00f6 omenoita<\/em> &#8220;Je ne mange pas les pommes&#8221; \u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/grammatical-cases\/the-finnish-object-objekti\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Finnish object<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2. La formation du pluriel en T finnois<\/h2>\n<p>Le marqueur du pluriel en T est toujours &#8211;<em>t<\/em>. Mais les mots subissent certains changements lorsqu&#8217;on leur attache cette terminaison.<\/p>\n<h3>2.1. Mots se terminant par une seule voyelle (<em>-a\/-\u00e4, -u\/-y, -o\/-\u00f6<\/em>)<strong>: ajouter &#8211;<em>t<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>C&#8217;est \u00e9galement vrai pour certains mots se terminant en <em>-i<\/em>, mais g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement ils ob\u00e9issent \u00e0 une r\u00e8gle diff\u00e9rente (voir plus bas).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kala<\/td>\n<td>kala<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>tyyny<\/td>\n<td>tyyny<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>talo<\/td>\n<td>talo<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>taulu<\/td>\n<td>taulu<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sein\u00e4<\/td>\n<td>sein\u00e4<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ty\u00f6<\/td>\n<td>ty\u00f6<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>melu<\/td>\n<td>melu<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kissa<\/td>\n<td>kissa<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.2. Mots se terminant en <em>-e<\/em>: <strong>rajouter un <em>-e-<\/em> puis ajouter<em> -t<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots se terminant en <em>-e<\/em> sont des mots de type B (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/consonant-gradation\/wordtype-b-consonant-gradation-sanatyypit-astevaihtelu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wordtype B<\/a>), ce qui signifie que leur forme de base sera faible (p.ex. <em>parveke, koe<\/em>) et que leur pluriel en T sera fort (p.ex. <em>parvekkeet, kokeet<\/em>).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>huone<\/td>\n<td>huone<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>perhe<\/td>\n<td>perhe<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kappale<\/td>\n<td>kappale<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>herne<\/td>\n<td>herne<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">e<\/span>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kirje<\/td>\n<td>kirje<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>lentokone<\/td>\n<td>lentokone<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>aste<\/td>\n<td>aste<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ohje<\/td>\n<td>ohje<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">e<\/span>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>taide<\/td>\n<td>taite<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>tietokone<\/td>\n<td>tietokone<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">e<\/span>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>parveke<\/td>\n<td>parvekke<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>koe<\/td>\n<td>koke<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.3. Mots se terminant en <em>-i<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Vous pouvez en apprendre plus \u00e0 propos des diff\u00e9rents types de mots qui se terminent en <em>-i \u2192 <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/old-words-versus-new-words-ending-in-i\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>2.3.1. <strong>Mots nouveaux se terminant en<\/strong> <em>-i<\/em>: <strong>ajouter <em>-t<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les nouveaux mots sont souvent des emprunts (<em>\u2192<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/wp\/finnish-vocabulary\/finnish-loanwords\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Finnish loanwords<\/a>). On peut g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les rep\u00e9rer du fait qu&#8217;ils ressemblent \u00e0 des mots dans d&#8217;autres langues, comme \u00ab<em>pankki<\/em>\u00bb pour \u00abbanque\u00bb ou \u00ab<em>paperi<\/em>\u00bb pour \u00abpapier\u00bb. Les emprunts sont plus faciles que les mots d&#8217;origine finnoise, car ils subissent moins de changements lorsqu&#8217;on leur ajoute une terminaison.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulierr<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>banaan<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>banaani<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>paper<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>paperi<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kahv<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kahvi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>dollar<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>dollari<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pankk<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>panki<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>post<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>posti<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>maal<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>maali<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>tuol<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>tuoli<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>til<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>tili<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>adverb<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>adverbi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kiosk<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kioski<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kupp<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kupi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.3.2. <strong>Mots anciens se terminant en<\/strong> <em>-i<\/em>: remplacer<strong> <em>-i-<\/em> par <em>-e-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-t<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les anciens mots en <em>-i<\/em> sont souvent des mots li\u00e9s \u00e0 la nature. Apr\u00e8s tout, la nature est l\u00e0 depuis si longtemps que les finnois ont des mots pour la d\u00e9crire depuis les d\u00e9buts de la langue. Certains mots peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9routants \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard, comme \u00ab<em>\u00e4iti<\/em>\u00bb (m\u00e8re) par exemple, qui est un nouveau mot, m\u00eame si les m\u00e8res existent depuis tr\u00e8s longtemps !<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pilv<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>pilv<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">e<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ov<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ov<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>j\u00e4rv<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>j\u00e4rv<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kiv<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kiv<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>suur<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>suur<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>nim<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>nim<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mer<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>mer<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>leht<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lehd<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.3.3. <strong>Mots anciens se terminant en<\/strong> <em>-si<\/em>: <strong>remplacer <em>-si-<\/em> par <em>-de-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-t<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots anciens se terminant en <em>-si <\/em>forment un sous-groupe des mots anciens en <em>-i<\/em>. Ce groupe subit un changement additionnel.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td id=\"three\">uu<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>uu<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>vuo<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>vuo<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">de<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>k\u00e4<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>k\u00e4<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">de<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lie<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lie<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kuukau<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kuukau<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ve<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ve<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rei<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>rei<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>t\u00e4y<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>t\u00e4y<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">de<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Apprenez en plus sur les differents types de mots se terminant en &#8211;<em>i<\/em> \u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/old-words-versus-new-words-ending-in-i\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ici<\/a> !<\/p>\n<h3>2.4. Mots se terminant par une consonne<\/h3>\n<h3>2.4.1. Mots se terminant en <em>-nen<\/em>: <strong>remplacer <em>-nen<\/em> par <em>-se<\/em> puis ajouter<em> -t<\/em> <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>C&#8217;est le m\u00eame changement que subissent les mots en <em>-nen<\/em> \u00e0 tous les cas, sauf au partitif.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>nai<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>nai<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>hevo<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>hevo<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>suomalai<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>suomalai<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>tavalli<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>tavalli<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>etei<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>etei<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>iloi<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>iloi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ihmi<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ihmi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>vihai<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>vihai<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">se<\/span>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sini<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>sini<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>toi<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>toi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>lauta<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lauta<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">se<\/span>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>poika<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>poika<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">se<\/span>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.4.2. Mots se terminant en <em>-as<\/em>: remplacer <em>-as<\/em> par <em>-aa-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-t<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots se terminant en -as (ou en -\u00e4s, en fonction des r\u00e8gles de <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/morphologie\/harmonie-vocalique-en-finnois-vokaaliharmonia\/\">l&#8217;harmonie vocalique<\/a>) appartiennent au groupe B (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/consonant-gradation\/wordtype-b-consonant-gradation-sanatyypit-astevaihtelu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wordtype B<\/a>). Leur forme de base sera donc dans la forme faible (p.ex. <em>rakas, opas<\/em>) et leur pluriel en T sera dans la forme forte (p.ex. <em>rakkaat, oppaat<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Vous pouvez \u00e9galement consulter l&#8217;article d\u00e9di\u00e9 aux mots se terminant en -As \u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-as-taivutus-as-loppuiset-sanat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rakas<\/td>\n<td>rakk<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>rikas<\/td>\n<td>rikk<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>taivas<\/td>\n<td>taiv<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>lipas<\/td>\n<td>lipp<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>opas<\/td>\n<td>opp<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>itsek\u00e4s<\/td>\n<td>itsekk<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>\u00e4\u00e4<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.4.3. Mots se terminant en <em>-is<\/em>:\u00a0deux groupes<\/h3>\n<p>Pour les mots se terminant en <em>-is<\/em>, on a deux groupes: les mots comme <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-is-kallis-kaunis-futis-roskis-kasvis\/\"><em>kallis<\/em><\/a> qui se terminent en <em>-ii-<\/em> quand ils sont d\u00e9clin\u00e9s, et les mots comme <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/spoken-language-words-ending-in-is-puhekieli-sanasto\/\"><em>roskis<\/em><\/a> qui se terminent en <em>-ikse<\/em>&#8211; lorsqu&#8217;ils sont d\u00e9clin\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kallis<\/td>\n<td>kall<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ii<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>roskis<\/td>\n<td>rosk<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ikse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kaunis<\/td>\n<td>kaun<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ii<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kirppis<\/td>\n<td>kirpp<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ikse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kauris<\/td>\n<td>kaur<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ii<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>fiilis<\/td>\n<td>fiil<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ikse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ruis<\/td>\n<td>ruk<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ii<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>futis<\/td>\n<td>fut<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ikse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.4.4. Mots se terminant en <em>-os\/-\u00f6s: <\/em>remplacer <em>-os<\/em> par <em>-okse-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-t<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-os-os-os-loppuiset-sanat\">Les mots se terminant en &#8211;<em>os<\/em> et en &#8211;<em>\u00f6s<\/em><\/a> se termineront respectivement par <em>-okse-<\/em> et <em>-\u00f6kse-<\/em> lorsqu&#8217;ils seront d\u00e9clin\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ostos<\/td>\n<td>ost<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>okse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>j\u00e4ljenn\u00f6s<\/td>\n<td>j\u00e4ljenn<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>\u00f6kse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>piirros<\/td>\n<td>piir<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>okse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6s<\/td>\n<td>k\u00e4\u00e4nn<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>\u00f6kse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>annos<\/td>\n<td>ann<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>okse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>luonnos<\/td>\n<td>luonn<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>okse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.4.5. Mots se terminant en <em>-us\/-ys<\/em>: deux groupes<em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots se terminant en &#8211;<em>us<\/em> peuvent appartenir \u00e0 deux groupes : certain se termineront en <em>-ukse-<\/em>, et d&#8217;autres en <em>-ude-<\/em> avant la marque du pluriel &#8211;<em>t<\/em>. Cela d\u00e9pend de si le mot est d\u00e9riv\u00e9 d&#8217;un adjective (p.ex. <em>pime\u00e4 &gt; pimeys<\/em>) ou non. Les mots d\u00e9riv\u00e9s d&#8217;un adjectif se termineront en <em>-ude-<\/em>, alors que les autres mots se termineront en <em>-ukse-<\/em>. Vous trouverez plus de d\u00e9tails dans <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/us-ukse-versus-us-ude\">cet article d\u00e9di\u00e9<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mahdollisuus<\/td>\n<td>mahdollisu<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ude<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>vastaus<\/td>\n<td>vasta<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ukse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rakkaus<\/td>\n<td>rakka<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ude<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kysymys<\/td>\n<td>kysym<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ykse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>yst\u00e4vyys<\/td>\n<td>yst\u00e4vy<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">yde<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>keskus<\/td>\n<td>kesk<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ukse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pimeys<\/td>\n<td>pime<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">yde<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>tarjous<\/td>\n<td>tarjo<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ukse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Quelques indications d&#8217;ordre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Si un mot est d\u00e9riv\u00e9 d&#8217;un verbe (comme <em>opettaa &gt; <\/em><em>opetus<\/em>), il se terminera g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement en <em>-ukse-<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Si un mot est d\u00e9riv\u00e9 d&#8217;un adjectif (comme <em>pime\u00e4 &gt;<\/em> <em>pimeys<\/em>), il se terminera en <em>-ude-<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Si un mot est d\u00e9riv\u00e9 d&#8217;un nom (comme <em>yst\u00e4v\u00e4 &gt; yst\u00e4vyys<\/em>), il se terminera en <em>-ude-.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Si un mot a une terminaison en <em>-uus\/yys <\/em>(double voyelle), il se terminera en <em>-ude-<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2.4.6. Mots se terminant en <em>-ton<\/em>: remplacer <em>-ton<\/em> par <em>-ttoma-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-t<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Vous pouvez en apprendre davantage sur les mots en <em>-ton \u2192<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-ton\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ty\u00f6t\u00f6n<\/td>\n<td>ty\u00f6<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt\u00f6m\u00e4<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>koditon<\/td>\n<td>kodi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rahaton<\/td>\n<td>raha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>rasvaton<\/td>\n<td>rasva<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>maidoton<\/td>\n<td>maido<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>alkoholiton<\/td>\n<td>alkoholi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.4.7. Mots se terminant en <em>-in<\/em>: remplacer <em>-in\u00a0<\/em>par <em>-ime-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-t<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Vous pouvez en apprendre d&#8217;avantage sur les mots en <em>-in \u2192<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-in-keitin-soitin-puhelin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>puhelin<\/td>\n<td>puhe<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>li<\/strong><strong>me<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>keitin<\/td>\n<td>keitt<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ime<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>avain<\/td>\n<td>ava<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ime<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kiharrin<\/td>\n<td>kihart<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ime<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>puhallin<\/td>\n<td>puhalt<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ime<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>suoritin<\/td>\n<td>suoritt<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><strong>me<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.4.8. Mots se terminant en <em>-ut<\/em>: deux groupes<\/h3>\n<p>Les mots se terminant en <em>-ut\/yt<\/em> peuvent appartenir \u00e0 deux groupes. Le plus petit groupe contient des mots comme <em>olut, kevyt <\/em>et <em>lyhyt<\/em>. Pour ces mots, on remplacera le <em>-t<\/em> final par un <em>-e-<\/em> avant d&#8217;ajouter la marque du pluriel <em>-t<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Un groupe beaucoup plus grand est constitu\u00e9 des participes en NUT (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/constructions\/the-active-past-participle-nut-partisiippi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The active past participle<\/a>), comme <em>v\u00e4synyt<\/em> et <em>tottunut<\/em>. Pour ces mots, on remplacera la terminaison <em>-ut\/yt<\/em> par <em>-ee-<\/em> avant d&#8217;ajouter <em>-t.<\/em><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kevyt<\/td>\n<td>kevy<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>v\u00e4synyt<\/td>\n<td>v\u00e4syn<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ee<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>olut<\/td>\n<td>olu<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ollut<\/td>\n<td>oll<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ee<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ohut<\/td>\n<td>ohu<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>mennyt<\/td>\n<td>menn<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ee<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.4.9. Mots se terminant en <em>-tar<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-tar-kuningatar\/\">Les mots se terminant en -tar<\/a> sont rares, mais<em> tyt\u00e4r <\/em>(fille) par exemple est un mot courant. Au pluriel en T, ces mots se terminent en <em>-ttare- <\/em>\u00e0 la place de leur terminaison de base en <em>-tar<\/em>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel en T<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>tyt\u00e4r<\/td>\n<td>ty<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt\u00e4re<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kuningatar<\/td>\n<td>kuninga<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttare<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>herttuatar<\/td>\n<td>herttua<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttare<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>jumalatar<\/td>\n<td>jumala<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttare<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"consonant\">3. Alternance consonantique et le pluriel en T finnois<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" colspan=\"4\">Mots de type A<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ty<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>\u00f6<\/td>\n<td>ty<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>\u00f6<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>pan<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kk<\/strong><\/span>i<\/td>\n<td>pan<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>k<\/strong><\/span>i<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pu<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>k<\/strong><\/span>u<\/td>\n<td>pu<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>v<\/strong><\/span>u<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>p\u00f6y<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>\u00e4<\/td>\n<td>p\u00f6y<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>d<\/strong><\/span>\u00e4<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>u<\/td>\n<td>ha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>u<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kau<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>pp<\/strong><\/span>a<\/td>\n<td>kau<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>p<\/strong><\/span>a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>si<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>lt<\/strong><\/span>a<\/td>\n<td>si<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ll<\/strong><\/span>a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ka<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>mp<\/strong><\/span>a<\/td>\n<td>ka<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>mm<\/strong><\/span>a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>hie<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kk<\/strong><\/span>a<\/td>\n<td>hie<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">k<\/span><\/strong>a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>a<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>p<\/strong><\/span>u<\/td>\n<td>a<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">v<\/span><\/strong>u<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Il y a un article d\u00e9di\u00e9 aux mots de type A (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/wp\/finnish-grammar\/wordtype-a-consonant-gradation-sanatyyppi-astevaihtelu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wordtype A<\/a>).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" colspan=\"4\">Mots de type B<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel<\/th>\n<th>Singulier<\/th>\n<th>Pluriel<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>savu<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>k<\/strong><\/span>e<\/td>\n<td>savu<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kk<\/strong><\/span>ee<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>o<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>p<\/strong><\/span>as<\/td>\n<td>o<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>pp<\/strong><\/span>aa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kei<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>in<\/td>\n<td>kei<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>ime<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>tavoi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>e<\/td>\n<td>tavoi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>ee<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ra<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>k<\/strong><\/span>as<\/td>\n<td>ra<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kk<\/strong><\/span>aa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>mm<\/strong><\/span>as<\/td>\n<td>ha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>mp<\/strong><\/span>aa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>soi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>in<\/td>\n<td>soi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>ime<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>puha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ll<\/strong><\/span>in<\/td>\n<td>puha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>lt<\/strong><\/span>ime<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>a<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ll<\/strong><\/span>as<\/td>\n<td>a<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>lt<\/strong><\/span>aa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ty\u00f6<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>\u00f6n<\/td>\n<td>ty\u00f6<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>\u00f6m\u00e4<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Il y a un article d\u00e9di\u00e9 aux\u00a0mots de type B (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/consonant-gradation\/wordtype-b-consonant-gradation-sanatyypit-astevaihtelu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wordtype B<\/a>).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vous pourrez apprendre dans cet article dans quels cas vous devez (ou ne devez pas) utiliser le pluriel en T finnois et sa formation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":53,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[10,9],"class_list":{"0":"post-15679","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cas-grammaticaux","8":"tag-cas-grammaticaux","9":"tag-pluriel"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pluriel en T finnois - T-Monikko - Nominatif Pluriel - Uusi kielemme<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vous pourrez apprendre dans cet article dans quels cas vous devez (ou ne devez pas) utiliser le pluriel en T finnois et sa formation.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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