{"id":16003,"date":"2020-12-15T18:52:47","date_gmt":"2020-12-15T16:52:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/?p=16003"},"modified":"2021-08-14T16:28:07","modified_gmt":"2021-08-14T13:28:07","slug":"le-genitif-finnois-genetiivi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/cas-grammaticaux\/les-cas-objet\/le-genitif-finnois-genetiivi\/","title":{"rendered":"Le g\u00e9nitif finnois &#8211; Genetiivi &#8211; Grammaire Finnoise"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dans cet article, vous pourrez trouver des informations sur le g\u00e9nitif finnois. L&#8217;usage de ce cas grammatical et la formation du g\u00e9nitif seront couverts.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-box su-box-style-bubbles\" id=\"\" style=\"border-color:#537a0d;border-radius:3px;max-width:none\"><div class=\"su-box-title\" style=\"background-color:#86ad40;color:#FFFFFF;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px\">Table des mati\u00e8res<\/div><div class=\"su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px\">\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#usage\"><strong>Les usages du g\u00e9nitif<\/strong><\/a>\n<ol>\n<li>Pour indiquer la possession<\/li>\n<li>Devant des postpositions (<em>takana, edess\u00e4<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Pour exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 (<em>t\u00e4ytyy<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Avec l&#8217;objet d&#8217;une phrase<\/li>\n<li>Dans certaines constructions avanc\u00e9es<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#formation\"><strong>La formation du g\u00e9nitif<\/strong><\/a>\n<ol>\n<li>Le g\u00e9nitif des pronoms personnels<\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant par une voyelle<\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-e<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-i<\/em>\n<ol>\n<li>Nouveaux mots se terminant en <em>-i<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Anciens mots se terminant en <em>-i<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Anciens mots se terminant en <em>-si<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant par une consonne\n<ol>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-nen<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-as<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en<em> -is<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-os\/-\u00f6s<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-us\/-ys<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-ton<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-in<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-ut<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots se terminant en <em>-tar<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mots non-finnois se terminant par une consonne<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#consonant\"><strong>Alternance consonantique et g\u00e9nitif<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"usage\">1. Les usages du g\u00e9nitif finnois (<em>mink\u00e4, kenen<\/em>)<\/h2>\n<h3><strong>1.1. Pour indiquer la possession<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Le g\u00e9nitif est utilis\u00e9 pour exprimer le fait que quelqu&#8217;un poss\u00e8de quelque chose. La marque du g\u00e9nitif est la terminaison -n, et est ajout\u00e9e \u00e0 la fin du mot d\u00e9signant le propri\u00e9taire dans la phrase.<\/p>\n<p>Quand des mots sont li\u00e9s les uns aux autres (un pronom, un adjectif et un nom par exemple), ils seront tous d\u00e9clin\u00e9s au g\u00e9nitif.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;La robe de [cette jeune femme]&#8221; devient &#8220;<em>[T\u00e4m\u00e4<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> nuore<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> naise<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span>] <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">mekko<\/span> on sininen.<\/em>&#8220;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;L&#8217;armoire de [l&#8217;ex-mari de la soeur d&#8217;Anna]&#8221; devient &#8220;<em>[Anna<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong> sisko<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> entise<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> miehe<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span>] <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">kaappi<\/span> on lukossa.<\/em>&#8220;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Le collier du [chien de cet homme en col\u00e8re] est desser\u00e9&#8221; becomes &#8220;<em>[Tuo<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> vihaise<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> miehe<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> vaarallise<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong> <\/span>koira<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span>] <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">kaulapanta<\/span> on irti.<\/em>&#8220;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Tuo<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> miehe<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>lompakko<\/strong>] j\u00e4i p\u00f6yd\u00e4lle.<\/td>\n<td>[Le portefeuille de cet homme] est rest\u00e9 sur la table.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Miko<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n <\/strong><\/span><strong>lempiv\u00e4ri<\/strong>] on musta.<\/td>\n<td>[La couleur favorite de Mikko] est le noir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Naapuri<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>apua<\/strong>] ei tarvita.<\/td>\n<td>[L&#8217;aide du voisin] n&#8217;est pas n\u00e9cessaire.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Suomalaiste<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>asenne<\/strong>] on kielteinen.<\/td>\n<td>[L&#8217;attitude des finlandais] est n\u00e9gative.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Oppaa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>selitykset<\/strong>] olivat mielenkiintoisia.<\/td>\n<td>[Les explications du guide] \u00e9taient int\u00e9ressantes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[\u00c4idi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>tytt\u00f6nimi<\/strong>] on Nieminen.<\/td>\n<td>[Le nom de jeune fille de maman] est Nieminen.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>1.2. Devant des postpositions<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>En finnois, les postpositions (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/constructions\/postpositions-finnish-grammar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Finnish postpositions<\/a>) sont souvent utilis\u00e9es pour indiquer l&#8217;emplacement de quelque chose relativement \u00e0 un autre objet (p.ex. <em>p\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4<\/em> &#8220;sur&#8221;; <em>l\u00e4hell\u00e4<\/em> &#8220;pr\u00e8s de&#8221;; <em>vieress\u00e4<\/em> &#8220;\u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de&#8221;). Les postpositions n\u00e9cessitent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement un compl\u00e9ment au g\u00e9nitif.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Televisio<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>p\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4<\/strong>] on kukkaruukku.<\/td>\n<td>Il y a un pot de fleur [<strong>sur<\/strong> la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Televisio<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>takana<\/strong>] on sein\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Il y a un mur [<strong>derri\u00e8re<\/strong> la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Televisio<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>l\u00e4hell\u00e4<\/strong>] tapahtuu kaikenlaista.<\/td>\n<td>Beaucoup de choses arrivent [<strong>pr\u00e8s de<\/strong> la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hiiri on [j\u00e4\u00e4kaapi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>alla<\/strong>].<\/td>\n<td>La souris est [<strong>sous <\/strong>le r\u00e9frig\u00e9rateur].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Koulu<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>vieress\u00e4<\/strong>] on karkkikauppa.<\/td>\n<td>Il y a un magasin de bonbons [<strong>\u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de<\/strong> l&#8217;\u00e9cole].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[Liisa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>kanssa<\/strong>] on aina hauskaa.<\/td>\n<td>On s&#8217;amuse toujours [<strong>avec <\/strong>Liisa].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>1.3. Pour exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>En finnois, vous devrez utiliser le g\u00e9nitif avec les verbes exprimant la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 (<a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/syntaxe\/types-de-phrases\/exprimer-la-necessite-taytyy-pitaa-on-pakko\/\"><em>t\u00e4ytyy, pit\u00e4\u00e4, kannattaa<\/em><\/a>). La n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre exprim\u00e9e par la construction plus avanc\u00e9e &#8220;<em>on ment\u00e4v\u00e4<\/em>&#8221; (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/constructions\/expressing-necessity-with-a-participle-on-mentava-on-odotettava\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Expressing necessity with a participle<\/a>), qui requi\u00e8re \u00e9galement d&#8217;utiliser le g\u00e9nitif.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Minu<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong> k\u00e4yd\u00e4 kaupassa t\u00e4n\u00e4\u00e4n.<\/td>\n<td>Je <strong>dois <\/strong>aller au magasin aujourd&#8217;hui.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sinu<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>kannattaa<\/strong> tulla ajoissa.<\/td>\n<td>Tu <strong>devrais <\/strong>venir \u00e0 l&#8217;heure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Aleksi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/strong> siivota huoneensa nyt.<\/td>\n<td>Aleksi\u00a0<strong>doit <\/strong>ranger sa chambre maintenant.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Iso\u00e4idi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>on pakko<\/strong> asua vanhainkodissa.<\/td>\n<td>Grand-m\u00e8re\u00a0<strong>doit <\/strong>vivre dans une maison de retraite.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sinu<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> <strong>ei pit\u00e4isi<\/strong> olla t\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Tu <strong>ne devrais pas <\/strong>\u00eatre l\u00e0.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>1.4. Avec l&#8217;objet d&#8217;une phrase<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>La terminaison <em>-n <\/em>est \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9e pour l&#8217;objet de phrases affirmatives. En fonction de votre niveau de familiarit\u00e9 avec la linguistique et les cas grammaticaux en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, vous appellerez ce cas le g\u00e9nitif ou l&#8217;accusatif (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/finnish-cases\/grammatical-cases\/the-accusative-case-akkusatiivi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The accusative<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>La terminaison <em>-n<\/em> (qu&#8217;on l&#8217;appelle g\u00e9nitif ou accusatif) est utilis\u00e9e pour l&#8217;objet (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/object-sentences\/the-finnish-object-objekti\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Finnish object<\/a>) dans les phrases affirmatives. Elle exprime que l&#8217;action est appliqu\u00e9e \u00e0 l&#8217;objet <strong>en entier<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Explication<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Min\u00e4 sy\u00f6n omena<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Je mange une pomme enti\u00e8re. \/ Je vais manger toute la pomme.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Min\u00e4 sy\u00f6n omena<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>a<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Je mange de la pomme. \/ Je suis en train de manger une pomme.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Min\u00e4 luen kirja<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Je lis tout le livre. \/ Je vais lire ce livre en entier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Min\u00e4 luen kirja<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>a<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Je lis une partie de ce livre. \/ Je suis en train de lire ce livre.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Min\u00e4 luin kirja<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span> eilen.<\/td>\n<td>J&#8217;ai lu tout le livre hier. \/ J&#8217;ai fini de lire ce livre en entier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Min\u00e4 luin kirja<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>a <\/strong><\/span>eilen.<\/td>\n<td>J&#8217;ai lu une partie de ce livre hier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Le sujet est simplifi\u00e9 ici, mais ces phrases sont au c\u0153ur de la question de l&#8217;objet (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/object-sentences\/the-finnish-object-objekti\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Finnish object<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h3><strong>1.5. Dans certaines constructions plus avanc\u00e9es<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Le g\u00e9nitif apparait \u00e9galement dans certaines constructions qui ne devraient int\u00e9resser que les \u00e9tudiants tr\u00e8s avanc\u00e9s de la langue finnoise. Consultez ces pages si vous voulez en savoir plus :<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-list\" style=\"margin-left:1px\">\n<ul>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-star\" style=\"color:#aadf67\"><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/adverbs\/adverbs-of-intensity-astemaaritteet\/#adverbs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Les formes g\u00e9nitives pour renforcer les adverbes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-star\" style=\"color:#aadf67\"><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/interesting-verbs\/the-verb-antaa-many-meanings\/#two\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Avec le verbe <em>antaa<\/em> (<em>permessiivirakenne<\/em>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-star\" style=\"color:#aadf67\"><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/constructions\/temporal-substitute-construction-temporaalinen-lauseenvastike\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Les constructions de substitution temporelle (<em>temporaalirakenne<\/em>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-star\" style=\"color:#aadf67\"><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/verbs\/participles\/partisiipit-the-reference-construction-etta-participle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Avec des participes-<em>ett\u00e4<\/em> dans des constructions de type <em>referatiivirakenne<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"formation\">2. La formation du g\u00e9nitif finnois<\/h2>\n<p>La marque du g\u00e9nitif est toujours une terminaison <em>-n<\/em>. Les mots peuvent subir un changement lorsqu&#8217;on leur attache cette terminaison.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>2.1. Le g\u00e9nitif des pronoms personnels<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les pronoms personnels se d\u00e9clinent au g\u00e9nitif de la fa\u00e7on suivante :<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>min\u00e4<\/td>\n<td>minu<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>mon\/ma\/mes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sin\u00e4<\/td>\n<td>sinu<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ton\/ta\/tes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>h\u00e4n<\/td>\n<td>h\u00e4ne<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>son\/sa\/ses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>me<\/td>\n<td>meid\u00e4<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong> <\/span><\/td>\n<td>n\u00f4tre\/nos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>te<\/td>\n<td>teid\u00e4<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>v\u00f4tre\/vos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>he<\/td>\n<td>heid\u00e4<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>leur\/leurs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>En plus du g\u00e9nitif, on peut \u00e9galement utiliser <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/possessive-suffixes-possessiivisuffiksit\/\">un suffixe possessif<\/a> pour exprimer la possession avec un pronom personnel (p.ex\u00a0<em>minun auto &#8211; minun autoni<\/em>).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Minu<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n <\/span><\/strong>auto<strong>ni<\/strong> on rikki.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Ma <\/strong>voiture est en panne.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Sinu<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n <\/span><\/strong><\/strong>sisko<strong>si<\/strong> on raskaana.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Ta <\/strong>s\u0153ur est enceinte.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Meid\u00e4<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/strong> koira<strong>mme<\/strong> on nukahtanut.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Notre <\/strong>chien s&#8217;est endormi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.2. Mots se terminant par une voyelle (<em>-a\/-\u00e4, -u\/-y, -o\/-\u00f6<\/em>): ajouter <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kala<\/td>\n<td>kala<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>tyyny<\/td>\n<td>tyyny<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>talo<\/td>\n<td>talo<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>sein\u00e4<\/td>\n<td>sein\u00e4<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ty\u00f6<\/td>\n<td>ty\u00f6<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>melu<\/td>\n<td>melu<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>vaikea<\/td>\n<td>vaikea<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>takuu<\/td>\n<td>takuu<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>museo<\/td>\n<td>museo<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>televisio<\/td>\n<td>televisio<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.3. Mots se terminant en <em>-e<\/em>: ajouter un <em>-e-<\/em> puis <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots se terminant en <em>-e<\/em> sont de type B (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/consonant-gradation\/wordtype-b-consonant-gradation-sanatyypit-astevaihtelu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wordtype B<\/a>). Cela signifie que leur forme de base sera faible (p.ex. <em>parveke, koe<\/em>) et leur g\u00e9nitif fort (p.ex. <em>parvekkeen, kokeen<\/em>).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>huone<\/td>\n<td>huone<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>perhe<\/td>\n<td>perhe<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kappale<\/td>\n<td>kappale<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kirje<\/td>\n<td>kirje<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>lentokone<\/td>\n<td>lentokone<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>taide<\/td>\n<td>taite<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>parveke<\/td>\n<td>parvekke<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>koe<\/td>\n<td>koke<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.4. Mots se terminant en <em>-i<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3><strong>2.4.1. Nouveaux mots se terminant en <em>-i<\/em>: ajouter <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les nouveaux mots sont souvent des emprunts. (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/vocabulary-lists\/finnish-loanwords\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Finnish loanwords<\/a>). On peut g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les rep\u00e9rer du fait qu\u2019ils ressemblent \u00e0 des mots dans d\u2019autres langues, comme \u00ab<em>pankki<\/em>\u00bb pour \u00abbanque\u00bb ou \u00ab<em>paperi<\/em>\u00bb pour \u00abpapier\u00bb. Les emprunts sont plus faciles que les mots d\u2019origine finnoise, car ils subissent moins de changements lorsqu\u2019on leur ajoute une terminaison.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>banaan<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>banaani<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>paper<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>paperi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kahv<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kahvi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>pankk<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>panki<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>post<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>posti<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>maal<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>maali<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>til<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>tili<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>adverb<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>adverbi<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.4.2. Anciens mots se terminant en <em>-i<\/em>: remplacer <em>-i<\/em> par <em>-e-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les anciens mots en <em>-i<\/em> sont souvent des mots li\u00e9s \u00e0 la nature. Apr\u00e8s tout, la nature est l\u00e0 depuis si longtemps que les finnois ont des mots pour la d\u00e9crire depuis les d\u00e9buts de la langue. Certains mots peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9routants \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard, comme \u00ab<em>\u00e4iti<\/em>\u00bb (m\u00e8re) par exemple, qui est un nouveau mot, m\u00eame si les m\u00e8res existent depuis tr\u00e8s longtemps !<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>suom<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>suom<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">e<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ov<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ov<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>j\u00e4rv<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>j\u00e4rv<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kiv<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kiv<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>suur<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>suur<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>nim<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>nim<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pien<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>pien<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>leht<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lehd<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>e<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.4.3. Anciens mots se terminant en <em>-si<\/em>: remplacer <em>-si<\/em> par <em>-de-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots anciens se terminant en <em>-si <\/em>forment un sous-groupe des mots anciens en <em>-i<\/em>. Ce groupe subit un changement additionnel.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>uu<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>uu<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">de<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>vuo<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>vuo<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>k\u00e4<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>k\u00e4<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kuukau<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kuukau<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ve<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ve<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>rei<strong>si<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>rei<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>de<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Apprenez en plus sur les <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/old-words-versus-new-words-ending-in-i\/\">differents types de mots se terminant en \u2013<em>i<\/em><\/a> !<\/p>\n<h3><strong>2.5. Mots se terminant par une consonne<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3><strong>2.5.1. Mots se terminant en <em>-nen<\/em>: remplacer <em>-nen<\/em> par <em>-se<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>C\u2019est le m\u00eame changement que subissent les mots en <em>-nen<\/em> \u00e0 tous les cas, sauf au partitif.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>nai<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>nai<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>hevo<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>hevo<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>suomalai<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>suomalai<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>etei<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>etei<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>iloi<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>iloi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ihmi<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ihmi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sini<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>sini<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>toi<strong>nen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>toi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>se<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.5.2. Mots se terminant en <em>-as<\/em>: remplacer <em>-as<\/em> par <em>-aa-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots se terminant en -as (ou en -\u00e4s, en fonction des r\u00e8gles de <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/ranska\/harmonie-vocalique-en-finnois-vokaaliharmonia\/\">l\u2019harmonie vocalique<\/a>) appartiennent au groupe B (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/consonant-gradation\/wordtype-b-consonant-gradation-sanatyypit-astevaihtelu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wordtype B<\/a>). Leur forme de base sera donc dans la forme faible (p.ex. <em>rakas, opas<\/em>) et leur pluriel en T sera dans la forme forte (p.ex. <em>rakkaan, oppaan<\/em>).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rakas<\/td>\n<td>rakk<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>rikas<\/td>\n<td>rikk<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>taivas<\/td>\n<td>taiv<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>lipas<\/td>\n<td>lipp<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>opas<\/td>\n<td>opp<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aa<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>itsek\u00e4s<\/td>\n<td>itsekk<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>\u00e4\u00e4<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.5.3. Mots se terminant en <em>-is<\/em>: deux groupes<\/strong><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Pour les mots se terminant en <em>-is<\/em>, on a deux groupes: les mots comme <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-is-kallis-kaunis-futis-roskis-kasvis\/\"><em>kallis<\/em><\/a> qui se terminent en <em>-ii-<\/em> quand ils sont d\u00e9clin\u00e9s, et les mots comme <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/spoken-language-words-ending-in-is-puhekieli-sanasto\/\"><em>roskis<\/em><\/a> qui se terminent en <em>-ikse<\/em>\u2013 lorsqu\u2019ils sont d\u00e9clin\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kallis<\/td>\n<td>kall<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ii<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>roskis<\/td>\n<td>rosk<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ikse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kaunis<\/td>\n<td>kaun<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ii<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kirppis<\/td>\n<td>kirpp<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ikse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kauris<\/td>\n<td>kaur<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ii<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>fiilis<\/td>\n<td>fiil<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ikse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ruis<\/td>\n<td>ruk<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ii<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>futis<\/td>\n<td>fut<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ikse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.5.4. Mots se terminant en <em>-os\/-\u00f6s: <\/em>remplacer <em>-os<\/em> par <em>-okse-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-os-os-os-loppuiset-sanat\">Les mots se terminant en &#8211;<em>os<\/em> et en &#8211;<em>\u00f6s<\/em><\/a> se termineront respectivement par <em>-okse-<\/em> et <em>-\u00f6kse-<\/em> lorsqu&#8217;ils seront d\u00e9clin\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ostos<\/td>\n<td>ost<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>okse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>j\u00e4ljenn\u00f6s<\/td>\n<td>j\u00e4ljenn<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>\u00f6kse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>piirros<\/td>\n<td>piir<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>okse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6s<\/td>\n<td>k\u00e4\u00e4nn<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>\u00f6kse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>annos<\/td>\n<td>ann<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>okse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>luonnos<\/td>\n<td>luonn<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>okse<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.5.5. Mots se terminant en <em>-us\/-ys<\/em>: deux groupes<\/strong><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots se terminant en &#8211;<em>us<\/em> peuvent appartenir \u00e0 deux groupes : certain se termineront en <em>-ukse-<\/em>, et d&#8217;autres en <em>-ude-<\/em> avant la marque <em>-n<\/em> du g\u00e9nitif. Cela d\u00e9pend de si le mot est d\u00e9riv\u00e9 d&#8217;un adjective (p.ex. <em>pime\u00e4 &gt; pimeys<\/em>) ou non. Les mots d\u00e9riv\u00e9s d&#8217;un adjectif se termineront en <em>-ude-<\/em>, alors que les autres mots se termineront en <em>-ukse-<\/em>. Vous trouverez plus de d\u00e9tails dans <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/us-ukse-versus-us-ude\/\">cet article d\u00e9di\u00e9<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mahdollisuus<\/td>\n<td>mahdollisu<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ude<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>vastaus<\/td>\n<td>vasta<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ukse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rakkaus<\/td>\n<td>rakka<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ude<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>kysymys<\/td>\n<td>kysym<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ykse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>yst\u00e4vyys<\/td>\n<td>yst\u00e4vy<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">yde<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>keskus<\/td>\n<td>kesk<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ukse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pimeys<\/td>\n<td>pime<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">yde<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>tarjous<\/td>\n<td>tarjo<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ukse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Quelques indications d\u2019ordre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Si un mot est d\u00e9riv\u00e9 d\u2019un verbe (comme <em>opettaa &gt; <\/em><em>opetus<\/em>), il se terminera g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement en <em>-ukse-<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Si un mot est d\u00e9riv\u00e9 d\u2019un adjectif (comme <em>pime\u00e4 &gt;<\/em> <em>pimeys<\/em>), il se terminera en <em>-ude-<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Si un mot est d\u00e9riv\u00e9 d\u2019un nom (comme <em>yst\u00e4v\u00e4 &gt; yst\u00e4vyys<\/em>), il se terminera en <em>-ude-.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Si un mot a une terminaison en <em>-uus\/yys <\/em>(double voyelle), il se terminera en <em>-ude-<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>2.5.6. Mots se terminant en <em>-ton<\/em>: remplacer <em>-ton<\/em> par <em>-ttoma-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Vous pouvez en apprendre davantage sur les mots en <em>-ton<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-ton\/\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ty\u00f6t\u00f6n<\/td>\n<td>ty\u00f6<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt\u00f6m\u00e4<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>koditon<\/td>\n<td>kodi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rahaton<\/td>\n<td>raha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>rasvaton<\/td>\n<td>rasva<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>maidoton<\/td>\n<td>maido<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>alkoholiton<\/td>\n<td>alkoholi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttoma<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.5.7. Mots se terminant en <em>-in<\/em>: remplacer <em>-in<\/em> par <em>-ime-<\/em> puis ajouter <em>-n<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Vous pouvez en apprendre d\u2019avantage sur les mots en <em>-in<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-in-keitin-soitin-puhelin\/\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>puhelin<\/td>\n<td>puhe<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>li<\/strong><strong>me<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>keitin<\/td>\n<td>keitt<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ime<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>avain<\/td>\n<td>ava<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ime<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kiharrin<\/td>\n<td>kihart<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ime<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>puhallin<\/td>\n<td>puhalt<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ime<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>suoritin<\/td>\n<td>suoritt<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><strong>me<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.5.8. Mots se terminant en <em>-ut<\/em>: deux groupes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les mots se terminant en <em>-ut <\/em>sont la plupart du temps des <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/constructions\/the-active-past-participle-nut-partisiippi\/\">participes en NUT<\/a> (p.ex. <em>kuollut &#8220;<\/em>d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9&#8221; de <em>kuolla <\/em>&#8220;mourir&#8221;). Ces noms se verront ajouter la terminaison <em>-een<\/em> au g\u00e9nitif. En dehors de ce groupe, d&#8217;autres mots se terminent en <em>-ut <\/em>(p.ex. <em>ohut, kevyt, lyhyt, olut<\/em>). C&#8217;est un type de mot plut\u00f4t rare, dont le g\u00e9nitif est marqu\u00e9 en <em>-uen\/yen.<\/em><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>v\u00e4synyt<\/td>\n<td>v\u00e4syn<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ee<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>rakastunut<\/td>\n<td>rakastun<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ee<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kuollut<\/td>\n<td>kuoll<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ee<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>pudonnut<\/td>\n<td>pudonn<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ee<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ohut<\/td>\n<td>oh<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ue<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lyhyt<\/td>\n<td>lyh<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ye<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.5.9. Mots se terminant en <em>-tar<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-vocabulary\/words-ending-in\/words-ending-in-tar-kuningatar\/\">Les mots se terminant en -tar<\/a> sont rares, mais<em> tyt\u00e4r <\/em>(fille) par exemple est un mot courant. Au g\u00e9nitif, ces mots se terminent en <em>-ttare- <\/em>\u00e0 la place de leur terminaison de base en <em>-tar<\/em>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>tyt\u00e4r<\/td>\n<td>ty<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt\u00e4re<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kuningatar<\/td>\n<td>kuninga<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttare<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>herttuatar<\/td>\n<td>herttua<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttare<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>jumalatar<\/td>\n<td>jumala<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ttare<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>2.5.10. Mots non-finnois se terminant par une consonne<\/strong><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Pour les emprunts et les mots \u00e9trangers (p.ex. Jonathan ou Facebook) qui se terminent par une consonne, on ajoutera un <em>-i-<\/em> avant d&#8217;ajouter la marque du g\u00e9nitif <em>-n.<\/em><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<th>Nominatif<\/th>\n<th>G\u00e9nitif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Jonathan<\/td>\n<td>Jonathan<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Facebook<\/td>\n<td>Facebook<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>William<\/td>\n<td>William<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Windows<\/td>\n<td>Windows<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Quentin<\/td>\n<td>Quentin<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Steam<\/td>\n<td>Steam<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mohamed<\/td>\n<td>Mohamed<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>McDonalds<\/td>\n<td>McDonalds<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"consonant\">3. Alternance consonantique et le g\u00e9nitif finnois<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" colspan=\"4\">Mots de type A<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominative<\/th>\n<th>Genetive<\/th>\n<th>Nominative<\/th>\n<th>Genetive<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ty<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>\u00f6<\/td>\n<td>ty<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>\u00f6<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>pan<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kk<\/strong><\/span>i<\/td>\n<td>pan<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>k<\/strong><\/span>i<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pu<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>k<\/strong><\/span>u<\/td>\n<td>pu<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>v<\/strong><\/span>u<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>p\u00f6y<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>\u00e4<\/td>\n<td>p\u00f6y<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>d<\/strong><\/span>\u00e4<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>u<\/td>\n<td>ha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>u<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>kau<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>pp<\/strong><\/span>a<\/td>\n<td>kau<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>p<\/strong><\/span>a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>si<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>lt<\/strong><\/span>a<\/td>\n<td>si<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ll<\/strong><\/span>a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ka<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>mp<\/strong><\/span>a<\/td>\n<td>ka<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>mm<\/strong><\/span>a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>hie<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kk<\/strong><\/span>a<\/td>\n<td>hie<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">k<\/span><\/strong>a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>a<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>p<\/strong><\/span>u<\/td>\n<td>a<strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">v<\/span><\/strong>u<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Il y a un article d\u00e9di\u00e9 aux\u00a0mots de type A (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/wp\/finnish-grammar\/wordtype-a-consonant-gradation-sanatyyppi-astevaihtelu\/\">wordtype A<\/a>).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" colspan=\"4\">Mots de type B<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Nominative<\/th>\n<th>Genetive<\/th>\n<th>Nominative<\/th>\n<th>Genetive<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>savu<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>k<\/strong><\/span>e<\/td>\n<td>savu<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kk<\/strong><\/span>ee<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>o<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>p<\/strong><\/span>as<\/td>\n<td>o<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>pp<\/strong><\/span>aa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kei<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>in<\/td>\n<td>kei<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>ime<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>tavoi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>e<\/td>\n<td>tavoi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>ee<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ra<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>k<\/strong><\/span>as<\/td>\n<td>ra<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kk<\/strong><\/span>aa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>mm<\/strong><\/span>as<\/td>\n<td>ha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>mp<\/strong><\/span>aa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>soi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>in<\/td>\n<td>soi<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>ime<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>puha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ll<\/strong><\/span>in<\/td>\n<td>puha<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>lt<\/strong><\/span>ime<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>a<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ll<\/strong><\/span>as<\/td>\n<td>a<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>lt<\/strong><\/span>aa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ty\u00f6<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t<\/strong><\/span>\u00f6n<\/td>\n<td>ty\u00f6<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>tt<\/strong><\/span>\u00f6m\u00e4<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Il y a un article d\u00e9di\u00e9 aux\u00a0mots de type B (\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/wp\/finnish-grammar\/wordtype-b-consonant-gradation-sanatyypit-astevaihtelu\/\">wordtype B<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h3>Lisez-en plus sur le g\u00e9nitif ailleurs<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-list\" style=\"margin-left:1px\">\n<ul>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-star\" style=\"color:#aadf67\"><\/i> Kielikello: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kielikello.fi\/-\/genetiivin-tehtavista\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Genetiivin teht\u00e4vist\u00e4<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le g\u00e9nitif finnois \u2014 genetiivi en finnois \u2014 peut \u00eatre reconnu \u00e0 se terminaison en -n. Apprenez comment et quand l&#8217;utiliser dans cet article.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":74,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[10,12],"class_list":["post-16003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-les-cas-objet","tag-cas-grammaticaux","tag-genetif"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le g\u00e9nitif finnois - Genetiivi - Grammaire Finnoise - Uusi kielemme<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le g\u00e9nitif finnois \u2014 genetiivi en finnois \u2014 peut \u00eatre reconnu \u00e0 se terminaison en -n. 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