{"id":16218,"date":"2021-01-23T16:34:35","date_gmt":"2021-01-23T14:34:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/?p=16218"},"modified":"2021-11-26T09:58:57","modified_gmt":"2021-11-26T07:58:57","slug":"exprimer-la-necessite-taytyy-pitaa-on-pakko","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/syntaxe\/types-de-phrases\/exprimer-la-necessite-taytyy-pitaa-on-pakko\/","title":{"rendered":"Exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 &#8211; T\u00e4ytyy &#8211; Pit\u00e4\u00e4 &#8211; On Pakko"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Les phrases exprimant la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 permettent de dire que quelque chose doit \u00eatre fait. Elles peuvent \u00eatre simplement affirmatives, mais \u00e9galement \u00eatre des ordres. Dans le cas o\u00f9 elles expriment un ordre, elles sont souvent interchangeables avec <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/verbes\/temps-et-modes-verbaux\/limperatif-finnois-imperatiivi-tule-mene-syo\/\">l&#8217;imp\u00e9ratif<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Minun t\u00e4ytyy opiskella enemm\u00e4n. <\/em>&#8220;Je dois \u00e9tudier plus.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><em>Kaisan pit\u00e4\u00e4 imuroida.<\/em> &#8220;Kaisa doit passer l&#8217;aspirateur.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><em>Meid\u00e4n on pakko l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/em> &#8220;Ils faut vraiment que nous partions.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"su-box su-box-style-bubbles\" id=\"\" style=\"border-color:#74981a;border-radius:3px;max-width:none\"><div class=\"su-box-title\" style=\"background-color:#a7cb4d;color:#FFFFFF;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px\">Table des mati\u00e8res<\/div><div class=\"su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px\">\n<ol id=\"one\">\n<li><a href=\"#one\"><strong>G\u00e9nitif + <em>t\u00e4ytyy<\/em> + forme de base<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#two\"><strong><em>T\u00e4ytyy, pit\u00e4\u00e4, on pakko<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#three\"><strong>Forme de base du verbe principal<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#four\"><strong>Les phrases n\u00e9gatives<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#five\"><strong>L&#8217;objet dans les phrases de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<\/strong><\/a>\n<ol>\n<li>Phrases affirmatives<\/li>\n<li>Phrases n\u00e9gatives<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#six\"><strong>Diff\u00e9rentes fa\u00e7ons d&#8217;exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h2>1. G\u00e9nitif + <em>t\u00e4ytyy <\/em>+ forme de base<\/h2>\n<p>Quand on souhaite exprimer que l&#8217;on doit faire quelque chose en finnois, il faut utiliser une construction particuli\u00e8re. Cette construction n\u00e9cessite que le sujet soit d\u00e9clin\u00e9 au <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/cas-grammaticaux\/les-cas-objet\/le-genitif-finnois-genetiivi\/\">g\u00e9nitif<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>La table suivante contient les pronoms personnels et leurs formes au g\u00e9nitif. En plus des pronoms personnels (<em><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>minun<\/strong><\/span> t\u00e4ytyy<\/em> \u00abJe dois\u00bb), les noms communs <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">(<\/span><em><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>lapsen<\/strong><\/span> t\u00e4ytyy <\/em>\u00abL&#8217;enfant doit\u00bb) et les noms propres <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">(<\/span><em><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Lassen<\/strong><\/span> t\u00e4ytyy<\/em> \u00abLasse doit\u00bb) seront \u00e9galement d\u00e9clin\u00e9s au g\u00e9nitif.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Pronom<\/th>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>min\u00e4<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Minun<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> opiskella.<\/td>\n<td>Je dois \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sin\u00e4<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Sinun<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> opiskella.<\/td>\n<td>Tu dois \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>h\u00e4n<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>H\u00e4nen<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> opiskella.<\/td>\n<td>Il\/Elle doit \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>me<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Meid\u00e4n<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> opiskella.<\/td>\n<td>Nous devons \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>te<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Teid\u00e4n<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> opiskella.<\/td>\n<td>Vous devez \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"two\">\n<td>he<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Heid\u00e4n<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> opiskella.<\/td>\n<td>Ils doivent \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>lapsi<\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Lapsen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy <\/span><\/strong>opiskella.<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>L&#8217;enfant doit \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mies<\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Miehen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> opiskella.<\/td>\n<td>L&#8217;homme doit \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Saara<\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Saaran<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> opiskella.<\/td>\n<td>Saara doit \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Matti<\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Matin<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> opiskella.<\/td>\n<td>Matti doit \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"two\">2. <em>T\u00e4ytyy, pit\u00e4\u00e4, on pakko<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Plusieurs verbes permettent d&#8217;exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9. Les formes les plus communes sont \u201c<em>minun t\u00e4ytyy<\/em>\u201c, \u201c<em>minun pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/em>\u201d et \u201c<em>minun on pakko<\/em>\u201c. Les trois n\u00e9cessitent un sujet d\u00e9clin\u00e9 au g\u00e9nitif (<em>min\u00e4 &gt;<\/em> <em>minun<\/em>). Les trois phrases suivantes signifient toutes \u00abTu dois partir\u00bb :<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Sinun t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td><em>T\u00e4ytyy<\/em> et <em>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/em> sont interchangeables.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Sinun pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td><em>T\u00e4ytyy<\/em> et <em>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/em> sont interchangeables.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Sinun on pakko<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Plus fort que les deux pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"three\">3. Forme de base du verbe principal<\/h2>\n<p>Le verbe d&#8217;une phrase exprimant l\u00e9 n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 (<em>t\u00e4ytyy, pit\u00e4\u00e4, on pakko<\/em>) ne sera <strong>pas<\/strong> conjugu\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>De plus, le second verbe (celui qui exprime ce qui doit \u00eatre fait) sera toujours \u00e0 l&#8217;infinitif.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Minun<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> opiskella<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>Je dois \u00e9tudier.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Sinun<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> imuroida<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>Tu dois passer l&#8217;aspirateur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">H\u00e4nen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> tiskata<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>Il\/Elle doit faire la vaisselle.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Meid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> her\u00e4t\u00e4 <\/strong>aikaisin<strong>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Nous devons nous lever t\u00f4t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Teid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> k\u00e4yd\u00e4 <\/strong>kaupassa<strong>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Vous devez aller au magasin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Heid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> ostaa <\/strong>leip\u00e4\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Ils doivent acheter du pain.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Lapsen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> kuunnella <\/strong>hyvin<strong>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>L&#8217;enfant doit bien \u00e9couter.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Miehen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> puhua <\/strong>suomea<strong>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>L&#8217;homme doit parler finnois.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Vaimon<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> olla <\/strong>rehellinen<strong>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>La femme doit \u00eatre honn\u00eate.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Opiskelijan<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> olla <\/strong>hiljaa<strong>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>L&#8217;\u00e9tudiant doit \u00eatre silencieux.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Pekan<\/span> <\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> pysy\u00e4<\/strong> t\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Pekka doit rester ici.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Matin<\/strong><\/span> <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> voittaa<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>Matti doit gagner.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Minun<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>j\u00e4\u00e4d\u00e4<\/strong> ylit\u00f6ihin t\u00e4n\u00e4\u00e4n.<\/td>\n<td>Je dois faire des heures suppl\u00e9mentaires aujourd&#8217;hui.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Sinun<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>lukea<\/strong> monta tenttikirjaa.<\/td>\n<td>Tu dois lire beaucoup de livres de r\u00e9visions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">H\u00e4nen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>l\u00e4hte\u00e4<\/strong> ty\u00f6matkalle Kiinaan.<\/td>\n<td>Elle doit partir en voyage professionnel en Chine.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Meid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>tehd\u00e4<\/strong> lumit\u00f6it\u00e4 pihalla.<\/td>\n<td>Nous devons pelleter la neige dans le jardin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Teid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>muistaa<\/strong> soittaa hammasl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4rille.<\/td>\n<td>Vous devez vous souvenir d\u2019appeler le dentiste.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Heid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>ostaa<\/strong> limsaa juhliin.<\/td>\n<td>Ils doivent acheter du soda pour la f\u00eate.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Lyhyen naisen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4<\/strong> korkkareita.<\/td>\n<td>Les femmes petites doivent utiliser de hauts talons.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Miesten<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>ostaa<\/strong> ruusuja vaimoilleen.<\/td>\n<td>Les hommes doivent acheter des roses pour leurs femmes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"four\">4. Les phrases de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 n\u00e9gatives<\/h2>\n<p>Comme dans les phrases affirmatives, le verbe de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 (<em>t\u00e4ytyy<\/em>, <em>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/em>) restera le m\u00eame \u00e0 toutes les personnes; il n&#8217;est pas n\u00e9cessaire de le conjuguer. Notez que \u2014 la version n\u00e9gative de\u00a0<em>t\u00e4ytyy<\/em> et\u00a0<em>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/em> sera toujours &#8220;<em>ei tarvitse<\/em>&#8221; !<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>G\u00e9nitif<\/strong><\/span> + <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span> <\/strong>+ <strong>infinitif<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Affirmatif<\/th>\n<th>N\u00e9gatif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Minun<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>j\u00e4\u00e4d\u00e4<\/strong> ylit\u00f6ihin t\u00e4n\u00e4\u00e4n.<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Minun<\/strong><\/span> <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span><\/strong> <strong>j\u00e4\u00e4d\u00e4<\/strong> ylit\u00f6ihin t\u00e4n\u00e4\u00e4n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Sinun<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/span><\/strong> <strong>lukea<\/strong> monta tenttikirjaa.<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Sinun<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span><\/strong> <strong>lukea<\/strong> monta tenttikirjaa.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">H\u00e4nen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">on pakko<\/span><\/strong> <strong>l\u00e4hte\u00e4 <\/strong>ty\u00f6matkalle Kiinaan.<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">H\u00e4nen<\/span> <\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span> <\/strong><strong>l\u00e4hte\u00e4<\/strong> ty\u00f6matkalle Kiinaan.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Meid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/span> <\/strong><strong>tehd\u00e4<\/strong> lumit\u00f6it\u00e4 pihalla.<\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Meid\u00e4n<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span><\/strong> <strong>tehd\u00e4<\/strong> lumit\u00f6it\u00e4 pihalla.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Teid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> <strong>muistaa<\/strong> soittaa hammasl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4rille.<\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Teid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span> <\/strong><strong>muistaa<\/strong> soittaa hammasl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4rille.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Heid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/span> <\/strong><strong>ostaa<\/strong> limsaa juhliin.<\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Heid\u00e4n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span> <\/strong><strong>ostaa<\/strong> limsaa juhliin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Lyhyen naisen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">on pakko<\/span> <\/strong><strong>k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4<\/strong> korkkareita.<\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Lyhyen naisen<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span> <\/strong><strong>k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4<\/strong> korkkareita.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Miesten<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> <\/strong><strong>ostaa<\/strong> ruusuja vaimoilleen.<\/td>\n<td><strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Miesten<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span> <\/strong><strong>ostaa<\/strong> ruusuja vaimoilleen.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Je recommanderais d&#8217;\u00e9viter d&#8217;utiliser les formes &#8220;<em>ei t\u00e4ydy<\/em>&#8221; et &#8220;<em>ei pid\u00e4<\/em>&#8220;. Ces formes <strong>sont <\/strong>possibles, mais elles sont rarement utilis\u00e9es et leur sens est l\u00e9g\u00e8rement diff\u00e9rent. Il est plus raisonnable d&#8217;en rester \u00e0 &#8220;<em>ei tarvitse<\/em>&#8221; avec <em>t\u00e4ytyy<\/em> et <em>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/em><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"five\">5. <strong>L&#8217;objet d&#8217;une phrase de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/finnish-cases\/grammatical-cases\/the-finnish-object-objekti\">L&#8217;objet<\/a> en finnois est souvent d\u00e9clin\u00e9 au g\u00e9nitif ou au partitif. Si vous \u00eates un parfait d\u00e9butant, c&#8217;est peut-\u00eatre une nouvelle information pour vous. Les r\u00e8gles de l&#8217;objet sont complexes : c&#8217;est une de ces choses avec lesquelles vous allez avoir des difficult\u00e9s pendant tr\u00e8s longtemps au cours de votre \u00e9tude de la langue. Ne vous inqui\u00e9tez pas trop de la partie qui va suivre si vous \u00eates encore un d\u00e9butant, tout s&#8217;\u00e9clairera au fur et \u00e0 mesure.<\/p>\n<h3>5.1. Phrases affirmatives<\/h3>\n<p>L&#8217;<a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/finnish-cases\/grammatical-cases\/the-finnish-object-objekti\">objet total<\/a> d&#8217;une phrase affirmative avec <em>t\u00e4ytyy<\/em> sera dans sa forme de base (le nominatif).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Phrase avec objet<\/th>\n<th>Phrase de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H\u00e4n ostaa <strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">uuden takin<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>H\u00e4nen <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> <\/strong>ostaa <strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">uusi takki<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Min\u00e4 avaan <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ikkunan<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Minun <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> avata<strong> <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ikkuna.<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sin\u00e4 korjaat <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>auton<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Sinun <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/span> <\/strong>korjata<strong> <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">auto.<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H\u00e4n maalaa <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>aidan<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>H\u00e4nen <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/span> <\/strong>maalata<strong> <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">aita.<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Me kerromme <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>totuuden<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Meid\u00e4n <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> kertoa<strong> <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">totuus.<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Me tarvitsemme <strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">isomman asunnon<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Meid\u00e4n <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">on pakko<\/span> <\/strong>l\u00f6yt\u00e4\u00e4 <strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">isompi asunto<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Anna haluaa sy\u00f6d\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>omenan<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Annan <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">on pakko<\/span> <\/strong>sy\u00f6d\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>omena<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Te ratkaisette <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ongelman<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Teid\u00e4n <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> ratkaista<strong> <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ongelma<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Me l\u00f6yd\u00e4mme <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>Emman<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Meid\u00e4n <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> l\u00f6yt\u00e4\u00e4<strong> <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">Emma.<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Me hoidamme <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t\u00e4m\u00e4n<\/strong><\/span> ensin.<\/td>\n<td>Meid\u00e4n<strong> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> hoitaa<strong> <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">t\u00e4m\u00e4<\/span> <\/strong>ensin<strong>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Me suljemme <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ydinvoimalan<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Meid\u00e4n<strong> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span><\/strong> sulkea<strong> <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">ydinvoimala.<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>L&#8217;objet peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre d\u00e9clin\u00e9 au <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/cas-grammaticaux\/les-cas-objet\/le-partitif-finnois-partitiivi-finnish-grammar\/\">partitif<\/a>. Dans une phrase de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, ces objets resteront au partitif. Il y a plusieurs raisons pour lesquelles un objet peut \u00eatre d\u00e9clin\u00e9 au partitif. Je montre ici quelques phrases qui ont des <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/mass-nouns-as-objects-food-and-the-partitive\">noms ind\u00e9nombrables<\/a> en tant qu&#8217;objet (n\u00b01) et des phrases avec des <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/finnish-cases\/grammatical-cases\/partitive-verbs-partitiiviverbit-list\">verbes partitifs<\/a> (n\u00b02).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>n\u00b0<\/th>\n<th><strong>Phrase avec objet<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>Phrase de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Min\u00e4 teen <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ruokaa<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Minun <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> tehd\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ruokaa<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Opettaja juo <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>olutta<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Opettajan <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy<\/span> <\/strong>juoda<strong> <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">olutta<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Sin\u00e4 keit\u00e4t <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kahvia<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Sinun <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> keitt\u00e4\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kahvia<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Sin\u00e4 jatkat <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>el\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4si<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Sinun <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> jatkaa <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>el\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4si<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Min\u00e4 mietin <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t\u00e4t\u00e4<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Minun <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> mietti\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>t\u00e4t\u00e4<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Sin\u00e4 uskot <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>minua<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Sinun <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> uskoa <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>minua<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>H\u00e4n rakastaa <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>lapsia<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<td>H\u00e4nen <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> rakastaa <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>lapsia<\/strong>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>5.2. Phrases n\u00e9gatives<\/h3>\n<p>L&#8217;objet d&#8217;une phrase n\u00e9gative doit toujours \u00eatre d\u00e9clin\u00e9 au <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/fr\/grammaire-finnoise\/cas-grammaticaux\/les-cas-objet\/le-partitif-finnois-partitiivi-finnish-grammar\/\">partitif<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Affirmatif<\/th>\n<th>N\u00e9gatif<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H\u00e4nen <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">t\u00e4ytyy <\/span><\/strong>ostaa <strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">uusi takki<\/span><\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>H\u00e4nen <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse <\/span><\/strong>ostaa <strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">uutta takkia<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td id=\"four\">Meid\u00e4n <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong> <\/span>l\u00f6yt\u00e4\u00e4 <strong><span style=\"color: #86ad40;\">isompi asunto<\/span><\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>Meid\u00e4n <strong> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse <\/span><\/strong>l\u00f6yt\u00e4\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>isompaa asuntoa<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Annan <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">on pakko <\/span><\/strong>sy\u00f6d\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>omena<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Annan <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei ole pakko <\/span><\/strong>sy\u00f6d\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>omenaa<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Miesten\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/strong> <\/span>avata <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ikkuna<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Miesten <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse <\/span><\/strong>avata <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>ikkunaa<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Opettajan <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong> <\/span>juoda<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong> olutta<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Opettajan <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse <\/span><\/strong>juoda<span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong> olutta<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Minun <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong><\/span> keitt\u00e4\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kahvia<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<td>Minun <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ei tarvitse<\/span><\/strong> keitt\u00e4\u00e4 <span style=\"color: #86ad40;\"><strong>kahvia<\/strong><\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"six\">6. <strong>Diff\u00e9rentes fa\u00e7ons d&#8217;exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>6.1 Les phrases de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 dans la langue orale<\/h3>\n<p>Il y a dans le langage parl\u00e9 plusieurs variations concernant le verbe de la phrase. \u00c0 la place de &#8220;<em>minun t\u00e4ytyy<\/em>&#8220;, il est possible de dire &#8220;<strong><em>mun<\/em><em> t\u00e4ytyy<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; ou &#8220;<strong><em>mun tarttee<\/em><\/strong>&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<em>Minun ei tarvitse<\/em>&#8221; peut \u00e9galement devenir &#8220;<strong><em>mun ei tarvitse<\/em><\/strong>&#8220;, &#8220;<strong><em>mun ei tarvii<\/em><\/strong>&#8220;, &#8220;<strong><em>mun ei tarvi<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; ou &#8220;<strong><em>mun ei tartte&#8221;<\/em><\/strong> en fonction du dialecte de la personne qui parle.<\/p>\n<h3>6.2 D&#8217;autres fa\u00e7ons d&#8217;exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>Les trois fa\u00e7ons les plus communes d&#8217;exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 utilisent <em>t\u00e4ytyy<\/em>, <em>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/em> et <em>on pakko<\/em>. La table suivante montre d&#8217;autres fa\u00e7ons d&#8217;exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9. Ces verbes diff\u00e8rent dans leur intensit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Finnois<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td id=\"two\">Sinun <strong>t\u00e4ytyy<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td><em>T\u00e4ytyy<\/em> et <em>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/em> sont interchangeables.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sinun <strong>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td><em>T\u00e4ytyy<\/em> et <em>pit\u00e4\u00e4<\/em> sont interchangeables.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sinun<strong> on l\u00e4hdett\u00e4v\u00e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>Un peu plus fort que <em>t\u00e4ytyy<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/constructions\/expressing-necessity-with-a-participle-on-mentava-on-odotettava\">Officiel<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sinun <strong>tulee<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Principalement \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9crit dans un context officiel.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sinun<strong> on pakko<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Plus fort que les pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sinun <strong>kannattaa<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Plus une suggestion qu&#8217;un imp\u00e9ratif.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sinun <strong>pit\u00e4nee<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Comme la phrase pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente, avec\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/wp\/finnish-grammar\/the-potential-potentiaali-finnish-tenses\/\">le potentiel<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sinun <strong>olisi hyv\u00e4<\/strong> l\u00e4hte\u00e4.<\/td>\n<td>Suggestion.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Si vous maitrisez d\u00e9j\u00e0 les phrases avec <em>t\u00e4ytyy <\/em>de base, vous pouvez jeter un coup d&#8217;\u0153il \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/uusikielemme.fi\/finnish-grammar\/syntax\/sentence-types\/taytyy-sentence-types-syntax-of-necessity-sentences\">la syntaxe des phrases <em>t\u00e4ytyy<\/em><\/a> pour poursuivre !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Minun t\u00e4ytyy&#8221; et &#8220;minun on pakko&#8221; permettent d&#8217;exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9. Apprenez \u00e0 les utiliser et \u00e0 d\u00e9cliner leur objet !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":68,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[8,12,24],"class_list":["post-16218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-types-de-phrases","tag-francais","tag-genetif","tag-taytyy"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 - T\u00e4ytyy - Pit\u00e4\u00e4 - On Pakko - Uusi kielemme<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"&quot;Minun t\u00e4ytyy&quot; et &quot;minun on pakko&quot; permettent d&#039;exprimer la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9. 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