Trees – Finnish Nature Vocabulary
October 6, 2019
July 27, 2022
In this article, you can find all sorts of vocabulary related to trees. Thanks to a reader called Beth for requesting it!
Table of Contents
- Tree types native to Finland
- Some common tree types in the world
- Parts of a tree
- Verbs related to trees
- Things made from wood
- Sayings related to trees
Trees Types Native to Finland
The following list contains tree species that are native to Finland. The names that are bolded are the ones you should start with when studying these.
Finnish | English |
---|---|
havupuu | coniferous tree |
lehtipuu | deciduous tree |
koivu | birch tree |
rauduskoivu | silver birch |
hieskoivu | white birch |
vaivaiskoivu | dwarf birch |
leppä | alder tree |
tervaleppä | common alder |
harmaaleppä | grey alder |
pihlaja | rowan tree |
kotipihlaja | rowan |
suomenpihlaja | Finnish whitebeam |
ruotsinpihlaja | Swedish whitebeam |
kaunopihlaja | fair rowan |
tylppäliuskaorapihlaja | common hawthorn |
suippoliuskaorapihlaja | Scandinavian hawthorn |
haapa | aspen |
metsähaapa | European aspen |
paju | willow |
jokipaju | almond willow |
talvikkipaju | pyrola-leaved willow |
mustuvapaju | dark-leaved willow |
outapaju | dark-leaved borealis willow |
halava | bay willow |
raita | goat willow |
lehmus | linden tree |
jalava | elm tree |
vuorijalava | Scots elm |
kynäjalava | Russian elm |
orapaatsama | common buckthorn |
korpipaatsama | alder buckthorn |
tuomi | bird cherry |
tammi | common oak |
saarni | common ash |
vaahtera | maple tree |
kuusama | honeysuckle |
metsäomenapuu | wild apple tree |
kataja | juniper |
marjakuusi | common yew |
kuusi | spruce |
mänty | pine |
Some Common Tree Types in the World
The trees below are very common in the world. This list is not exhaustive. If you would like to see some more trees added to this list, you can leave a comment below, or email me.
Finnish | English |
---|---|
punavaahtera | red maple |
punasaarni | green ash |
valkosaarni | white ash |
amerikanhaapa | quaking aspen |
amerikanpyökki | American beech |
amerikanlehmus | American basswood |
paperikoivu | paper birch |
muastakoivu | river birch |
keltakoivu | yellow birch |
saarnivaahtera | box elder |
saksanpähkinä | English walnut |
hopealehmus | silver linden |
douglaskuusi | douglas fir |
euroopanvalkopyökki | European hornbeam |
puistolehmus | common linden |
valkopaju | white willow |
itkupaju | weeping willow |
vuorivaahtera | sycamore maple |
sokerivaahtera | sugar maple |
palsamipihta | balsam fir |
palmu | palm tree |
kookospalmu | coconut tree |
kirsikkapuu | cherry tree |
Parts of a Tree
The following list contains the names of parts of different trees. I’ve provided the plural form of words that are likely to be used in the plural.
Finnish | English |
---|---|
runko, puunrungot | trunk, tree trunks |
latva, puunlatvat | treetop, tree-tops |
latvus | the crown of a tree |
juuri, puunjuuret | root, tree roots |
juuristo | the root system |
oksa, puunoksat | branch, tree branches |
oksisto | the branch system |
lehti, puunlehdet | leaf, leaves of the tree |
lehvästö | foliage |
kaarna | tree bark |
tuohi | birchbark |
vuosirenkaat | tree rings |
sydänpuu | heartwood |
pintapuu | sapwood |
kanto, kannot | tree stump |
neulaset | needles |
käpy, kävyt | cone, cones |
marja, marjat | berry, berries |
pähkinä, pähkinät | nut, nuts |
siemen, siemenet | seed, seeds |
taimi, taimet | seedling, sapling |
koivunmahla | birch sap |
kukka, kukat | blossom, blossoms |
hedekukat | male flowers |
emikukat | female flowers |
hedenorkko | catkin |
siitepöly | pollen |
pihka, hartsi | resin |
Verbs Related to Trees
Finnish | English |
---|---|
kasvaa | to grow |
kukkia | to blossom |
hedelmöittää | to fertilize |
pudottaa lehtensä | to drop its leaves |
kaataa puita | to fell trees |
haravoida lehtiä | to rake leaves |
sahata puu poikki | to saw a tree in half |
hakata polttopuita | to hack firewood |
pilkkoa puita | to chop wood |
polttaa puuta | to burn wood |
veistää puusta eläimiä | to sculpt animals from wood |
Things Made from Wood
Finnish | English |
---|---|
selluloosa | cellulose |
sahatavara | timber |
puutavara | lumber |
rakennuspuu | construction wood |
vaneri | plywood |
viilu | veneer |
lastulevy | chipboard |
kuitulevy | fibreboard |
kertopuu | laminated veneer lumber |
rimalevy | blockboard |
puulauta | woorden board |
sahatukki | saw log |
halko, hirsi | log |
pölkky | block |
seiväs | stake |
kalikka | round billet |
puupaneeli | wood panel |
parketti | parquet |
puulista | wooden strip |
liimapuu | glulam |
paperi | paper |
terva | tar |
tärpätti | turpentine |
puusprii | methanol |
pettuleipä | bark bread |
vihta / vasta | birch whisk |
saunanlauteet | sauna benches |
huonekalu | furniture |
työkaluvarsi | tool shank |
polttopuut | firewood |
kokko | bonfire |
nuotio | campfire |
puutalo | wooden house |
hirsitalo | log house |
hirsimökki | log cabin |
Sayings Related to Trees
- Hän sahasi omaa oksaansa.
Translation: “He sawed his own branch.”
Meaning: He did something against his own best interest. - Minä vannon kautta kiven ja kannon.
Translation: “I swear by stone and stump.”
Meaning: I swear, cross my heart and hope to die. - Ero tuli puun takaa.
Translation: “The divorce came from behind a tree.”
Meaning: The divorce came unexpected, surprisingly. - Hän haukkui väärää puuta.
Translation: “He barked up the wrong tree.”
Meaning: He accused an innocent, unduly criticized someone. - Hän oli kuin puusta pudonnut.
Translation: “He seemed to have fallen out of a tree.”
Meaning: He was at a loss, confused, stunned. - Hän oli kuin puulla päähän lyöty.
Translation: “He seemed to have been hit on the head with a tree.”
Meaning: He was at a loss, confused, stunned. - Hän puhui puuta heinää.
Translation: “He talked some tree some hay.”
Meaning: He talked trivial, frivolous nonsense. - Hän joutui puun ja kuoren väliin.
Translation: “He ended up between the tree and the bark.”
Meaning: He was caught in the middle, in a tight situation. - Hän jäi puilla paljailla.
Translation: “He was left on naked wood.”
Meaning: He lost everything, he was penniless. - He olivat kuin samasta puusta veistetty.
Translation: “They seemed to be sculpted from the same tree.”
Meaning: They were very similar, cut from the same cloth. - Organisaatio pantiin uusiin puihin.
Translation: “The organization was put in new trees.”
Meaning: The organization was revamped, renewed. - Sellaisia miehiä ei kasva joka oksalla.
Translation: “Men like that don’t grow on every branch.”
Meaning: Men like that are rare to come about. - Hedelmistään puu tunnetaan.
Translation: “From their fruit one knows the tree.”
Meaning: A person is known through their accomplishments. - Joka kuuseen kurkottaa, se katajaan kapsahtaa.
Translation: “Who reaches towards the spruce will stumble into the juniper.”
Meaning: If you are too ambitious, you’re likely to fail.
I would like to see what the Finnish Words would be for a Weeping Willow Tree.
It’s an “itkupaju”, so pretty much a literal translation :p Beautiful kind of tree!
Hello!
Isn’t “holly” “orjanlaakeri”? I’ve looked everywhere and “paatsama” only seems to mean “buckthorn”
Seems you’re right! Thank you 🙂
The Rowan is known as Mountain Ash in North America.