Finnish for busy people

Trees – Finnish Nature Vocabulary

In this article, you can find all sorts of vocabulary related to trees. Thanks to a reader called Beth for requesting it!

Table of Contents
  1. Tree types native to Finland
  2. Some common tree types in the world
  3. Parts of a tree
  4. Verbs related to trees
  5. Things made from wood
  6. Sayings related to trees

Trees Types Native to Finland

The following list contains tree species that are native to Finland. The names that are bolded are the ones you should start with when studying these.

Finnish English
havupuu coniferous tree
lehtipuu deciduous tree
koivu birch tree
rauduskoivu silver birch
hieskoivu white birch
vaivaiskoivu dwarf birch
leppä alder tree
tervaleppä common alder
harmaaleppä grey alder
pihlaja rowan tree
kotipihlaja rowan
suomenpihlaja Finnish whitebeam
ruotsinpihlaja Swedish whitebeam
kaunopihlaja fair rowan
tylppäliuskaorapihlaja common hawthorn
suippoliuskaorapihlaja Scandinavian hawthorn
haapa aspen
metsähaapa European aspen
paju willow
jokipaju almond willow
talvikkipaju pyrola-leaved willow
mustuvapaju dark-leaved willow
outapaju dark-leaved borealis willow
halava bay willow
raita goat willow
lehmus linden tree
jalava elm tree
vuorijalava Scots elm
kynäjalava Russian elm
orapaatsama common buckthorn
korpipaatsama alder buckthorn
tuomi bird cherry
tammi common oak
saarni common ash
vaahtera maple tree
kuusama honeysuckle
metsäomenapuu wild apple tree
kataja juniper
marjakuusi common yew
kuusi spruce
mänty pine

Some Common Tree Types in the World

The trees below are very common in the world. This list is not exhaustive. If you would like to see some more trees added to this list, you can leave a comment below, or email me.

Finnish English
punavaahtera red maple
punasaarni green ash
valkosaarni white ash
amerikanhaapa quaking aspen
amerikanpyökki American beech
amerikanlehmus American basswood
paperikoivu paper birch
muastakoivu river birch
keltakoivu yellow birch
saarnivaahtera box elder
saksanpähkinä English walnut
hopealehmus silver linden
douglaskuusi douglas fir
euroopanvalkopyökki European hornbeam
puistolehmus common linden
valkopaju white willow
itkupaju weeping willow
vuorivaahtera sycamore maple
sokerivaahtera sugar maple
palsamipihta balsam fir
palmu palm tree
kookospalmu coconut tree
kirsikkapuu cherry tree

Parts of a Tree

The following list contains the names of parts of different trees. I’ve provided the plural form of words that are likely to be used in the plural.

Finnish English
runko, puunrungot trunk, tree trunks
latva, puunlatvat treetop, tree-tops
latvus the crown of a tree
juuri, puunjuuret root, tree roots
juuristo the root system
oksa, puunoksat branch, tree branches
oksisto the branch system
lehti, puunlehdet leaf, leaves of the tree
lehvästö foliage
kaarna tree bark
tuohi birchbark
vuosirenkaat tree rings
sydänpuu heartwood
pintapuu sapwood
kanto, kannot tree stump
neulaset needles
käpy, kävyt cone, cones
marja, marjat berry, berries
pähkinä, pähkinät nut, nuts
siemen, siemenet seed, seeds
taimi, taimet seedling, sapling
koivunmahla birch sap
kukka, kukat blossom, blossoms
hedekukat male flowers
emikukat female flowers
hedenorkko catkin
siitepöly pollen
pihka, hartsi resin

Verbs Related to Trees

Finnish English
kasvaa to grow
kukkia to blossom
hedelmöittää to fertilize
pudottaa lehtensä to drop its leaves
kaataa puita to fell trees
haravoida lehtiä to rake leaves
sahata puu poikki to saw a tree in half
hakata polttopuita to hack firewood
pilkkoa puita to chop wood
polttaa puuta to burn wood
veistää puusta eläimiä to sculpt animals from wood

Things Made from Wood

Finnish English
selluloosa cellulose
sahatavara timber
puutavara lumber
rakennuspuu construction wood
vaneri plywood
viilu veneer
lastulevy chipboard
kuitulevy fibreboard
kertopuu laminated veneer lumber
rimalevy blockboard
puulauta woorden board
sahatukki saw log
halko, hirsi log
pölkky block
seiväs stake
kalikka round billet
puupaneeli wood panel
parketti parquet
puulista wooden strip
liimapuu glulam
paperi paper
terva tar
tärpätti turpentine
puusprii methanol
pettuleipä bark bread
vihta / vasta birch whisk
saunanlauteet sauna benches
huonekalu furniture
työkaluvarsi tool shank
polttopuut firewood
kokko bonfire
nuotio campfire
puutalo wooden house
hirsitalo log house
hirsimökki log cabin

Sayings Related to Trees

  • Hän sahasi omaa oksaansa.
    Translation: “He sawed his own branch.”
    Meaning: He did something against his own best interest.
  • Minä vannon kautta kiven ja kannon.
    Translation: “I swear by stone and stump.”
    Meaning: I swear, cross my heart and hope to die.
  • Ero tuli puun takaa.
    Translation:
    “The divorce came from behind a tree.”
    Meaning: The divorce came unexpected, surprisingly.
  • Hän haukkui väärää puuta.
    Translation: “He barked up the wrong tree.”
    Meaning: He accused an innocent, unduly criticized someone.
  • Hän oli kuin puusta pudonnut.
    Translation: “He seemed to have fallen out of a tree.”
    Meaning: He was at a loss, confused, stunned.
  • Hän oli kuin puulla päähän lyöty.
    Translation:
    “He seemed to have been hit on the head with a tree.”
    Meaning: He was at a loss, confused, stunned.
  • Hän puhui puuta heinää.
    Translation: “He talked some tree some hay.”
    Meaning: He talked trivial, frivolous nonsense.
  • Hän joutui puun ja kuoren väliin.
    Translation: “He ended up between the tree and the bark.”
    Meaning: He was caught in the middle, in a tight situation.
  • Hän jäi puilla paljailla.
    Translation: “He was left on naked wood.”
    Meaning: He lost everything, he was penniless.
  • He olivat kuin samasta puusta veistetty.
    Translation: “They seemed to be sculpted from the same tree.”
    Meaning: They were very similar, cut from the same cloth.
  • Organisaatio pantiin uusiin puihin.
    Translation: “The organization was put in new trees.”
    Meaning: The organization was revamped, renewed.
  • Sellaisia miehiä ei kasva joka oksalla.
    Translation: “Men like that don’t grow on every branch.”
    Meaning: Men like that are rare to come about.
  • Hedelmistään puu tunnetaan.
    Translation: “From their fruit one knows the tree.”
    Meaning: A person is known through their accomplishments.
  • Joka kuuseen kurkottaa, se katajaan kapsahtaa.
    Translation: “Who reaches towards the spruce will stumble into the juniper.”
    Meaning: If you are too ambitious, you’re likely to fail.
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Beth

I would like to see what the Finnish Words would be for a Weeping Willow Tree.

Inge (admin)

It’s an “itkupaju”, so pretty much a literal translation :p Beautiful kind of tree!

Eva

Hello!
Isn’t “holly” “orjanlaakeri”? I’ve looked everywhere and “paatsama” only seems to mean “buckthorn”

Inge (admin)

Seems you’re right! Thank you 🙂

Mako

The Rowan is known as Mountain Ash in North America.