Pala Siivu Viipale Lohko – Finnish Vocabulary of Parts
March 6, 2020
September 1, 2024
This article deals with what parts of a whole are called in Finnish. A glass is lasi, but what do you call the pieces when the glass breaks? A tree is puu, but what about the different types of wood products that are made from parts of a tree? This article is far from complete, but hopefully you find some useful phrases to add to your everyday vocabulary. At least pala, siivu, viipale and lohko should become part of your active vocabulary!
Glass – Lasi
Broken glass can be sharp! Here you can find some words to refer to shards of glass.
| Finnish | English |
|---|---|
| lasinsirpale | fragment of glass, glass splinter |
| sirpale | shorter version of lasinsirpale |
| lasinpalanen | piece of broken glass |
| lasinpala | piece of broken glass |
| pirstale, pirsta | long, sharp fragment |
| särö | thin crack |
| säpäle | splinter |
| lasinsiru, lasisiru | glass shard |
Wood – Puu
Wood is used for many purposes, so there is a large amount of vocabulary related to it. I’m sure you can find some useful words to study in the following list.
| Finnish | English |
|---|---|
| runko | tree trunk |
| kanto | tree stump |
| kaarna | tree bark |
| oksa | branch |
| puupuru | sawdust |
| tikku | wood splinter |
| risu | twig (small dry branch) |
| risut | brushwood |
| risutukki | bundled brushwood (forestry) |
| ajopuu | driftwood (from storm or shipwreck) |
| keppi | stick |
| kiila | wedge (for woodworking or keeping doors open) |
| puulastu | wood chips |
| puukapula | wooden peg |
| puunpala, puupala | piece of wood |
| puupalanen | piece of wood |
| sahapuu | timber (for building) |
| tukki | heavy, usually round log |
| sahatukki | long, round log, 15+ cm diameter |
| vaneritukki | logs that get made into plywood |
| pölkky | pruned, round solid wood block |
| päre | thin wooden shingle, roof material |
| parru | beam, long square piece of wood |
| kattoparru | horizontal ceiling beam |
| puulautta | floating wooden raft |
| puukasa | wood stack |
| puupino | wood stack |
| polttopuut | pieces of firewood |
| halko | piece of firewood (1 meter long) |
| klapi | piece of firewood (smaller than halko) |
| pilke | piece of firewood (smaller than klapi) |
| hake | mass of woodchips for fuel |
| saunapuut | wood to heat the sauna |
| mestauspölkky | executioner’s block |
Stone – Kivi
Stones appear in many different sizes: sora, nupula and paasi are just a few of them.
| Finnish | English |
|---|---|
| kivi | stone, rock |
| kivimurska | rubble, crushed stone |
| sora | gravel (e.g. on gravel road) |
| sepelikivi | crushed stone (e.g. on train track) |
| pikkukivi | small stone, pebble |
| nupula, nupu | pebble |
| paasi | flagstone (e.g. in patio or walkway) |
| laattakivi | stone slab, (large) paving stone |
| vierinkivi | stone made round by water |
| kivilohkare | boulder (default word) |
| kivimöhkäle | boulder, large unshaped rock |
| kivijärkäle | boulder, large uneven rock |
| mukulakivi | cobblestone, small rounded stone |
| nupukivi | sett, rectangular paving stone |
| noppakivi | square paving stone |
Food – Ruoka
Pala, siivu and viipale are three very common words to describe part of a food item. These should prove especially useful!
| Finnish | English |
|---|---|
| leivänmuru, leivänmurunen | breadcrumb |
| leivänpala, leipäpala | piece of bread |
| leipäviipale, leipäviipale | slice of bread |
| kurkkuviipale | cucumber slice |
| juustoviipale, juustosiivu | slice of cheese |
| kakkusiivu, kakunsiivu | slice of cake |
| kakkupala, kakunpala | piece of cake |
| juustoraaste | grated cheese |
| porkkanaraaste | grated carrots |
| omenaviipale | apple slice |
| omenalohko | apple wedge |
| perunalastu | potato chip |
| perunamuusi, perunasose | mashed potatoes |
| tomaattimurska | crushed tomatoes |
| ananasmurska | crushed pineapple |
| perunankuori | potato peel |
| leivän kuori | breast crust |
| sipulinkuori | onion-skin |
| munankuori | egg shell |
| perunanhitu | slice of potato peel |
| munanvalkuainen | egg white |
| munankeltuainen | egg yolk |
| voinokare | knob of butter |
| valkosipulinkynsi | clove of garlic |
| lihasuikale | strips of meat |
| kimpale lihaa | chunk of meat |
| leikkeleet | cold cuts, cold meat |
| pätkä makkaraa | short piece of sausage |
| sokerikuutio, sokeripala | sugar cube |
| jauhokokkare | a lump of flour |
| pisara (vettä) | drop (of water) |
| tippa (vettä) | drop (of water) |
| kahvitilkka, tilkka kahvia | a splash /drop of coffee |
| viinitilkka, tilkka viiniä | a splash/drop of whine |
| loraus öljyä | a splash of oil |
| liraus öljyä | a splash of oil |
Some verbs
| Finnish | English |
|---|---|
| lyödä sirpaleiksi | to break into pieces |
| kulkea kepin kanssa | to walk with a stick |
| pilkkoa puita | to chop wood |
| hakata halkoja | to chop wood |
| kerätä kuivia risuja | to collect dry twigs |
| polttaa risuja | to burn twigs |
| hakata talven polttopuut | to hack winter firewood |
| levittää soraa tielle | to spread gravel on the road |
| kivetä katu | to pave the street |
| leikata suikaleiksi | to cut into strips |
| leikata leipä siivuiksi | to cut bread into slices |
| leikata makkara viipaleiksi | to cut sausage into slices |
| pyyhkiä murut pöydältä | to wipe the crumbs off the table |
| raastaa appelsiininkuorta | to grate orange peel |
| viipaloida sitruuna | to slice a lemon |
| kuoria omena | to peel an apple |
| paloitella lihaa | to cut up the meat |
| pilkkoa kurkkua salaattiin | to chop cucumber into a salad |
| lisätä tilkka öljyä | to add a splash of oil |
That’s all for words like pala, siivu and viipale.
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